Which medication is most appropriate for treating hyperkalemia?

Cushing’s Syndrome → Dexamethasone Suppression Test

• Cushing’s Syndrome results from excess cortisol. The dexamethasone suppression test evaluates whether cortisol production is appropriately suppressed by exogenous steroids.

Addison’s Disease → ACTH Stimulation Test

• Addison’s Disease involves adrenal insufficiency. The ACTH stimulation test checks if the adrenal glands can produce cortisol when stimulated.

Graves’ Disease → TSH Receptor Antibody Test

• Graves’ Disease is an autoimmune hyperthyroid condition where autoantibodies stimulate the thyroid. The TSH receptor antibody test detects these autoantibodies.

Diabetes Insipidus → Water Deprivation Test

• Diabetes Insipidus causes excessive urination due to ADH deficiency or resistance. The water deprivation test assesses the kidneys' ability to concentrate urine in response to dehydration.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis → Antithyroid Antibody Test

• Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis is an autoimmune hypothyroid disorder characterized by elevated antithyroid antibodies.

(A) Hypertonic Fluids: Would worsen hypernatremia by increasing sodium levels.

(B) Isotonic Fluids: These help with volume depletion but do not effectively reduce sodium levels.

(C) Colloid Infusions: Used for hypovolemia but do not correct sodium imbalances.

(D) Hypotonic Fluids: A sodium level of 155 mEq/L (hypernatremia) indicates dehydration, and hypotonic fluids (e.g., 0.45% NaCl) help shift water into cells and lower sodium levels.