Categorize the following causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) as prerenal, intrarenal, or postrenal:
Severe Dehydration
Sepsis
Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)
CHF (Congestive Heart Failure)
Gentamicin (Aminoglycoside antibiotic toxicity)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones)
The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"C"},"G":{"answers":"C"}}
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Prerenal
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Intrarenal
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Postrenal
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Severe Dehydration Sepsis CHF (Congestive Heart Failure)
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Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) Gentamicin (Aminoglycoside antibiotic toxicity) |
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones)
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Severe Dehydration: Prerenal
Decreased blood flow to the kidneys due to low volume.
Sepsis: Prerenal
Hypotension from systemic infection reduces kidney perfusion.
CHF (Congestive Heart Failure): Prerenal
Reduced cardiac output leads to inadequate renal perfusion.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Postrenal
Urinary outflow obstruction causes back pressure on the kidneys
Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones): Postrenal
Blockage in the urinary tract prevents urine excretion, leading to kidney damage.
Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN): Intrarenal
Direct injury to kidney tubules due to ischemia or toxins.
Gentamicin (Aminoglycoside antibiotic toxicity): Intrarenal
Causes nephrotoxicity, damaging renal tubules directly.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
(A) Mitochondrial: CF is not maternally inherited through mitochondrial DNA.
(B) X-linked Dominant: CF does not involve the X chromosome.
(C) Autosomal Recessive: Cystic fibrosis (CF) occurs when an individual inherits two mutated copies of the CFTR gene (one from each parent). Both parents must be carriers for a child to develop the disease.
(D) Autosomal Dominant: CF requires two copies of the mutated gene, unlike dominant disorders that require only one.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Trousseau’s sign is a sign of hypocalcemia, not hypercalcemia. It occurs when inflating a blood pressure cuff causes carpal spasms due to increased neuromuscular excitability.
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