A patient with a serum sodium level of 155 mEq/L reports thirst and has dry mucous membranes. When asking the Healthcare Provider (HCP) for orders, which order is appropriate?
Ask the HCP for Hypertonic Fluid Orders
Ask the HCP for Isotonic Fluid orders
Ask the HCP for a Colloid Infusion order
Ask the HCP for Hypotonic Fluid orders
The Correct Answer is D
(A) Hypertonic Fluids: Would worsen hypernatremia by increasing sodium levels.
(B) Isotonic Fluids: These help with volume depletion but do not effectively reduce sodium levels.
(C) Colloid Infusions: Used for hypovolemia but do not correct sodium imbalances.
(D) Hypotonic Fluids: A sodium level of 155 mEq/L (hypernatremia) indicates dehydration, and hypotonic fluids (e.g., 0.45% NaCl) help shift water into cells and lower sodium levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
(A) Promote diuresis and reduce ascites: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic used in cirrhosis to help manage fluid retention and ascites caused by portal hypertension.
(B) Prevent worsening liver damage: Spironolactone does not directly protect the liver.
(C) Reduce blood pressure: Though it can lower BP, this is not its primary use in cirrhosis.
(D) Increase urine output without affecting potassium levels: It spares potassium, but monitoring is still needed to prevent hyperkalemia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
(A) Tetany: Hypocalcemia increases neuromuscular excitability, leading to muscle cramps, spasms, and tetany (involuntary muscle contractions).
(B) Hypertension: Hypocalcemia does not directly cause hypertension; it may lead to hypotension.
(C) Constipation: Hypercalcemia, not hypocalcemia, causes constipation.
(D) Polyuria: Hypercalcemia leads to polyuria, while hypocalcemia does not.
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