A patient with a serum sodium level of 155 mEq/L reports thirst and has dry mucous membranes. When asking the Healthcare Provider (HCP) for orders, which order is appropriate?
Ask the HCP for Hypertonic Fluid Orders
Ask the HCP for Isotonic Fluid orders
Ask the HCP for a Colloid Infusion order
Ask the HCP for Hypotonic Fluid orders
The Correct Answer is D
(A) Hypertonic Fluids: Would worsen hypernatremia by increasing sodium levels.
(B) Isotonic Fluids: These help with volume depletion but do not effectively reduce sodium levels.
(C) Colloid Infusions: Used for hypovolemia but do not correct sodium imbalances.
(D) Hypotonic Fluids: A sodium level of 155 mEq/L (hypernatremia) indicates dehydration, and hypotonic fluids (e.g., 0.45% NaCl) help shift water into cells and lower sodium levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
(A) Thirst: The body increases thirst to compensate for high sodium levels and prevent dehydration.
(B) Seizures: Severe hypernatremia causes neurological symptoms like seizures due to cerebral dehydration.
(C) Dry Mucous Membranes: Water loss leads to dry oral mucosa.
(E) Muscle Weakness: Electrolyte imbalances affect neuromuscular function, leading to weakness.
(D) Bradycardia: Hypernatremia is more likely to cause tachycardia due to dehydration and hypovolemia.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"C"},"C":{"answers":"D"},"D":{"answers":"E"},"E":{"answers":"B"}}
Explanation
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) → Hyponatremia
Excess ADH leads to water retention, diluting sodium levels.
Addison’s Disease → Hyperkalemia
Adrenal insufficiency leads to decreased aldosterone, causing potassium retention.
Hypoparathyroidism → Hypocalcemia
Lack of parathyroid hormone reduces calcium levels.
Diabetes Insipidus → Hypernatremia
Excessive water loss leads to sodium concentration increase.
Hyperparathyroidism → Hypercalcemia
Excess parathyroid hormone increases calcium release from bones.
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