What pattern of inheritance applies to Cystic Fibrosis?
Mitochondrial
X-linked dominant
Autosomal recessive
Autosomal dominant
The Correct Answer is C
(A) Mitochondrial: CF is not maternally inherited through mitochondrial DNA.
(B) X-linked Dominant: CF does not involve the X chromosome.
(C) Autosomal Recessive: Cystic fibrosis (CF) occurs when an individual inherits two mutated copies of the CFTR gene (one from each parent). Both parents must be carriers for a child to develop the disease.
(D) Autosomal Dominant: CF requires two copies of the mutated gene, unlike dominant disorders that require only one.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
(A) Fathers can pass the disorder to their sons: Incorrect because fathers pass the Y chromosome to sons, not the X.
(B) Carrier females rarely show symptoms: While carrier females often do not show symptoms due to having one unaffected X chromosome, it is not a defining feature.
(C) Equal male and female prevalence: Incorrect because X-linked recessive disorders affect males more frequently, as they only have one X chromosome.
(D) All daughters of affected males are carriers: Since males have only one X chromosome, they pass their X chromosome to all daughters, making them carriers.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
(A) Include foods rich in potassium in the diet: Torsemide is a loop diuretic, which increases potassium excretion and may cause hypokalemia, requiring potassium supplementation.
(B) Increase calcium-rich foods: Torsemide primarily affects potassium, not calcium.
(C) Restrict fluid intake to 500 mL/day: Fluid restrictions may be necessary in severe heart failure, but 500 mL/day is too restrictive unless specifically indicated.
(D) Restrict foods rich in potassium in the diet: Torsemide causes potassium loss, not retention, so restricting potassium would worsen hypokalemia.
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