Which common adverse effect of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist will the nurse expect to assess in a patient?

Seizure

Bradycardia

Hyperkalemia

Insomnia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

(A) Seizure: Not a typical side effect of ARBs.

(B) Bradycardia: ARBs do not significantly affect heart rate.

(C) Hyperkalemia: Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), like losartan, reduce aldosterone secretion, leading to potassium retention and hyperkalemia.

(D) Insomnia: Not a common adverse effect of ARBs.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

(A) 0.45% NaCl (Hypotonic Fluid): Used for mild dehydration but can cause fluid shifts leading to cerebral edema.

(B) 3% NaCl (Hypertonic Fluid): Used for severe hyponatremia, not dehydration.

(C) Lactated Ringer’s (LR): This isotonic fluid replaces lost fluids and electrolytes, making it the best choice for severe dehydration, especially in patients with electrolyte imbalances.

(D) D5W: Initially isotonic but becomes hypotonic once glucose is metabolized, leading to fluid shifts into cells, worsening dehydration.

A. Hyponatremia B. Hypokalemia C. Hypernatremia D. Hyperkalemia

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

(A) Hyponatremia: SIADH leads to excess ADH secretion, causing water retention, dilution of sodium levels, and hyponatremia.

(B) Hypokalemia: SIADH does not primarily affect potassium.

(C) Hypernatremia: Excess ADH dilutes sodium, leading to low sodium levels, not high.

(D) Hyperkalemia: SIADH primarily causes hyponatremia, not potassium imbalances.

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Which common adverse effect of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist will the nurse expect to assess in a patient?

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