A patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) asks the nurse why their bones are making more white blood cells when they already have so many. The nurse clarifies that the large number of leukemic white cells they have:
attempt to take over the function of the abnormal white blood cells.
will help to protect them against infection.
are larger in size than normal white blood cells and clog the bone marrow.
are not as effective as normal white cells to protect against infection.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This is not a correct explanation for the large number of leukemic white cells. Leukemic white cells are abnormal white blood cells that do not function properly. They do not attempt to take over the function of the abnormal white blood cells, but rather crowd out the normal ones.
Choice B reason: This is also not a correct explanation for the large number of leukemic white cells. Leukemic white cells do not help to protect against infection, but rather increase the risk of infection. They impair the immune system's ability to fight off bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens.
Choice C reason: This is a partially correct explanation for the large number of leukemic white cells. Leukemic white cells are larger in size than normal white blood cells, and they can clog the bone marrow. This can interfere with the production of other blood cells, such as red blood cells and platelets. However, this is not the only reason for the large number of leukemic white cells.
Choice D reason: This is the best explanation for the large number of leukemic white cells. Leukemic white cells are not as effective as normal white cells to protect against infection, because they are immature and dysfunctional. They do not respond to signals from the immune system, and they do not recognize or destroy foreign invaders. They also prevent the normal white cells from doing their job.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Evening is not the best time to visit the patient with myasthenia gravis to help with bathing and exercising. Myasthenia gravis is a condition that causes muscle weakness and fatigue, which worsens as the day progresses. Therefore, the patient may have more difficulty performing these activities in the evening.
Choice B reason: Mid-afternoon is not the best time to visit the patient with myasthenia gravis to help with bathing and exercising. Myasthenia gravis causes muscle weakness and fatigue, which may be aggravated by the heat and humidity of the afternoon. Therefore, the patient may have more difficulty performing these activities in the mid-afternoon.
Choice C reason: Morning is the best time to visit the patient with myasthenia gravis to help with bathing and exercising. Myasthenia gravis causes muscle weakness and fatigue, which are less severe in the morning after a night of rest. Therefore, the patient may have more strength and energy to perform these activities in the morning.
Choice D reason: Before bedtime is not the best time to visit the patient with myasthenia gravis to help with bathing and exercising. Myasthenia gravis causes muscle weakness and fatigue, which are most severe at the end of the day. Therefore, the patient may have more difficulty performing these activities before bedtime.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect. The foot remaining in the same position prior to stroking the sole of the foot is a normal response in adults. It indicates that the spinal cord and the brain are intact and functioning properly.
Choice B reason: This is correct. Great toe bending upward, and smaller toes fanning outward is an abnormal response in adults. It indicates a positive Babinski reflex, which is a sign of damage to the cerebral cortex or the pyramidal tract. The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the brain that controls higher functions such as thinking, reasoning, and movement. The pyramidal tract is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord and controls voluntary movements.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Great toe bending downward is also a normal response in adults. It indicates that the spinal cord and the brain are intact and functioning properly.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect. The opposite foot assuming the same position as the foot being stroked is not related to the Babinski reflex. It is a phenomenon called mirror movement, which may occur in some people due to genetic or developmental factors. It does not indicate any abnormality in the cerebral cortex.
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