A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents with dyspnea and wheezing. What is the most appropriate initial nursing intervention to manage these symptoms?
Provide oral hydration
Teach the patient pursed-lip breathing
Initiate corticosteroid therapy
Administer a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA)
The Correct Answer is D
A. Oral hydration is important for overall health and to thin secretions, but it is not the immediate intervention to address dyspnea and wheezing in COPD.
B. Pursed-lip breathing is a helpful technique for managing chronic symptoms of COPD and improving airflow, but it is not the first step in managing acute symptoms like dyspnea and wheezing.
C. Corticosteroid therapy may be part of the treatment for COPD exacerbations, but it is not the initial intervention for acute symptoms. It is typically used after bronchodilators like SABA have been administered.
D. A short-acting beta-agonist (SABA), such as albuterol, is the first-line treatment for acute dyspnea and wheezing in COPD. It works by relaxing the bronchial muscles, opening the airways, and improving airflow.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Atropine is used to treat bradycardia and is not indicated for pulmonary embolism. It would not be the first choice in managing this condition.
B. Heparin is an anticoagulant that helps prevent further clot formation in the case of a pulmonary embolism. It is typically administered to stabilize the patient and reduce the risk of further embolic events.
C. Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid used to treat inflammation and is not typically used to treat pulmonary embolism. It is not the first-line treatment for this condition.
D. Furosemide is a diuretic used to manage fluid retention and is not directly indicated for pulmonary embolism. It may be used in cases of heart failure or pulmonary edema, but it is not the primary treatment for a pulmonary embolism.
Correct Answer is ["31"]
Explanation
- Convert liters to milliliters: 1 liter = 1000 mL
- Calculate total infusion time in minutes: 8 hours 60 minutes/hour = 480 minutes
- Apply the formula:
- (Total volume in mL Drop factor) / Total infusion time in minutes = Drops/minute
- (1000 mL 15 gtts/mL) / 480 minutes = 31.25 gtts/minute
- Round to the nearest whole number: 31 gtts/minute
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