A patient with cirrhosis is scheduled for a TIPS procedure. Which of the following correctly describes a TIPS procedure?
A shunt will divert blood from the hepatic vein to the Inferior vena cava
A shunt will divert blood from the aorta to the inferior vena cava
A shunt will divert blood from the portal vein to the hepatic vein
A shunt will divert blood from the aorta to the hepatic vein
The Correct Answer is C
A. A shunt will divert blood from the hepatic vein to the Inferior vena cava: This is not the correct pathway for a TIPS procedure.
B. A shunt will divert blood from the aorta to the inferior vena cava: This describes a different vascular pathway unrelated to TIPS.
C. A shunt will divert blood from the portal vein to the hepatic vein: TIPS (Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt) is a procedure that creates a pathway between the portal vein and hepatic vein, reducing portal hypertension and preventing variceal bleeding.
D. A shunt will divert blood from the aorta to the hepatic vein: This is not the correct anatomical pathway for a TIPS procedure.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Grey-Turner Sign: Grey-Turner Sign refers to bruising along the flanks, often associated with retroperitoneal hemorrhage or acute pancreatitis.
B. Steatorrhea: Steatorrhea refers to fatty stools that are pale, bulky, and foul-smelling, indicating malabsorption, not a physical exam finding on the skin.
C. Asterixis: Asterixis, also known as "liver flap," is a tremor of the hand when the wrist is extended, seen in hepatic encephalopathy, not a skin finding.
D. Cullen's Sign: Cullen's Sign is bruising around the umbilicus, indicating intra-abdominal bleeding, often seen in conditions such as acute pancreatitis or ruptured ectopic pregnancy.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Patient stopped smoking five years prior to hospitalization: Smoking cessation materials are typically targeted to current smokers or those who have quit very recently (usually within the last year). This patient may not need smoking cessation materials as they have been smoke-free for a significant period.
B. Patient smokes five cigars a week: Smoking cigars still carries health risks similar to cigarettes and indicates the need for smoking cessation materials.
C. Patient uses chewing tobacco: Chewing tobacco is a form of smokeless tobacco, and while harmful, it would require different educational materials focused on smokeless tobacco cessation rather than smoking cessation.
D. Patient smoked cigarettes any time during the last year prior to hospitalization: This indicates current or recent smoking behavior which is a significant risk factor that needs to be addressed.
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