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A nurse reviews the following ABG result:

  • pH 7.37
  • PaO2 84
  • PaCO2 54
  • Bicarbonate: 31
  • Saturation: 95%

What is the interpretation of this ABG?

A.

Partially compensated Metabolic Alkalosis

B.

Fully compensated Metabolic Acidosis

C.

Fully compensated Respiratory Acidosis

D.

Partially compensated Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Partially compensated Metabolic Alkalosis: This is incorrect because the pH is within normal limits (7.35-7.45), and the elevated PaCO2 and bicarbonate suggest a respiratory issue rather than a metabolic one.

B. Fully compensated Metabolic Acidosis: This is incorrect because the primary disturbance is respiratory, not metabolic. A compensated metabolic acidosis would typically show a low PaCO2 as compensation.

C. Fully compensated Respiratory Acidosis: Correct. The pH is within the normal range, indicating full compensation. The elevated PaCO2 and bicarbonate reflect a chronic respiratory acidosis that has been compensated by the kidneys.

D. Partially compensated Respiratory Alkalosis: This is incorrect because in respiratory alkalosis, the PaCO2 would be low, not high.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hypertension: This is not a cause of high-output heart failure. Hypertension typically leads to low-output heart failure due to increased afterload, which causes the heart to work harder.

B. Severe anemia: Severe anemia causes high-output heart failure because the body compensates for the decreased oxygen-carrying capacity by increasing cardiac output.

C. Sepsis: Sepsis can lead to high-output heart failure as the body attempts to maintain perfusion in the face of widespread vasodilation.

D. Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism increases metabolic demands, which can cause high-output heart failure as the heart attempts to meet the increased needs.

Correct Answer is ["B","E"]

Explanation

A. Annual vitamin K injections: Vitamin K injections do not prevent Hepatitis B.

B. Use of standard precautions: Standard precautions reduce the risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens, including Hepatitis B.

C. Consumption of a vitamin-rich diet: While a healthy diet is important, it does not specifically prevent Hepatitis B.

D. Annual vitamin B12 injections: Vitamin B12 injections are unrelated to Hepatitis B prevention.

E. Immunization: Vaccination is a key preventive measure against Hepatitis B.

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