Which of the following is not a direct cause of ARDS?
Near-drowning
Aspiration
Pancreatitis
Toxic inhalation
The Correct Answer is C
A. Near-drowning: This is a direct cause of ARDS. Inhalation of water can lead to pulmonary edema, which triggers ARDS.
B. Aspiration: Aspiration of gastric contents can directly injure the lungs and is a well-known cause of ARDS.
C. Pancreatitis: Pancreatitis is associated with ARDS, but it is an indirect cause, not a direct one. The inflammatory response from pancreatitis can lead to ARDS, but it is not due to direct lung injury.
D. Toxic inhalation: Inhaling toxic substances can cause direct damage to the alveoli and lead to ARDS.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to decreased oral intake: While this may be relevant, it is not the highest priority in acute appendicitis. Infection prevention is more critical.
B. Risk for infection related to possible rupture of appendix: The primary concern in appendicitis is the risk of rupture, leading to peritonitis and sepsis. This makes infection control the top priority.
C. Chronic pain related to appendicitis: Pain in appendicitis is acute, not chronic. Managing infection risk is more urgent.
D. Constipation related to decreased bowel motility and decreased fluid intake: Constipation is not a priority concern in the context of acute appendicitis. The risk of infection takes precedence.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Administer a stat fluid challenge: This might temporarily improve cardiac output in tamponade, but it is not the primary intervention. The fluid challenge may be used as a temporary measure, but it does not address the underlying cause.
B. Place the patient in a prone position: This is incorrect and could worsen the patient's condition. The patient should be in a semi-recumbent position to decrease venous return and reduce pressure on the heart.
C. Draw a stat CBC: A CBC is not relevant to the immediate management of cardiac tamponade and does not address the urgent need to relieve the pressure on the heart.
D. Perform a stat pericardiocentesis: Pericardiocentesis is the definitive treatment for cardiac tamponade, as it removes the fluid from the pericardial space, relieving the pressure on the heart and allowing it to function properly.
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