A patient with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse why anticholinergics are used in the treatment. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

"These drugs inhibit the action of acetylcholine

"These drugs help you urinate."

"These drugs will decrease your eye pressure."

"These drugs will assist in lowering your heart rate."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "These drugs inhibit the action of acetylcholine":

This response is accurate. Anticholinergic medications work by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in various functions in the body, including muscle control. In Parkinson's disease, there is an imbalance between dopamine and acetylcholine, leading to motor symptoms such as tremors and rigidity. By inhibiting the action of acetylcholine, anticholinergic drugs help rebalance neurotransmitter activity and alleviate some of the motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease.

B. "These drugs help you urinate":

This statement is not directly related to the use of anticholinergic medications in Parkinson's disease. While some anticholinergic drugs can indeed relax the smooth muscle of the bladder and improve urinary symptoms, this is not the primary indication for their use in Parkinson's disease.

C. "These drugs will decrease your eye pressure":

While anticholinergic medications can be used to dilate the pupils and decrease intraocular pressure, this is not typically the reason for their use in Parkinson's disease. While some anticholinergic medications may have ocular effects, they are primarily used to address motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease.

D. "These drugs will assist in lowering your heart rate":

While some anticholinergic medications may have effects on heart rate by blocking parasympathetic nervous system activity, this is not the primary indication for their use in Parkinson's disease. The focus of anticholinergic therapy in Parkinson's disease is primarily on addressing motor symptoms rather than cardiovascular effects.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Perform passive range of motion on each extremity:

While passive range of motion exercises are important for preventing contractures and maintaining joint mobility in immobilized clients, they are not the highest priority in this situation. Airway management takes precedence over mobility exercises.

B. Monitor the client's electrolyte levels:

Monitoring electrolyte levels is important for overall assessment and management of the client's health, but it is not the highest priority when the client's airway and breathing are compromised.

C. Suction saliva from the client's mouth:

This is the correct answer. Suctioning saliva from the client's mouth helps maintain a clear airway and prevents aspiration. Unconscious clients are at risk for pooling of oral secretions, which can obstruct the airway and lead to respiratory complications.

D. Record the client's intake and output:

While monitoring intake and output is an essential part of nursing care, it is not the highest priority when the client's airway and breathing are compromised.

Correct Answer is ["10"]

Explanation

To calculate the dose of valproic acid oral solution, the nurse should use the following formula:

Dose (mL) = Ordered dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL) x Volume (mL)

Plugging in the values from the question, we get:

Dose (mL) = 500 mg / (250 mg / 5 mL) x 5 mL

Simplifying, we get:

Dose (mL) = 500 mg / 50 mg x 5 mL

Dose (mL) = 10 mL

Therefore, the nurse should administer 10 of valproic acid oral solution to the patient.

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A patient with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse why anticholinergics are used in the treatment. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is unconscious following a stroke. Which of the following nursing interventions is the highest priority?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer valproic acid 500 mg PO. Available is valproic acid oral solution 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["10"]

Explanation

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