The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a patient with a history of diabetes who has just been diagnosed with seizure disorder. The patient has been prescribed hydantoin therapy. What will the patient most likely experience?

Hyperglycemia

Hunger

Hypoglycemia

Pupil dilation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hyperglycemia:

Hyperglycemia refers to high blood sugar levels. While certain medications can affect glucose metabolism and potentially lead to hyperglycemia as a side effect, this is not typically associated with hydantoin therapy for seizure disorder. Therefore, it is less likely for the patient to experience hyperglycemia as a direct result of taking hydantoin medication.

B. Hunger:

Hunger is not a common side effect of hydantoin therapy for seizure disorder. While some medications may affect appetite or cause changes in eating habits, hunger is not a typical side effect of hydantoin medications such as phenytoin.

C. Hypoglycemia:

Hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar levels, which can lead to symptoms such as confusion, dizziness, sweating, and weakness. Hydantoin medications, particularly phenytoin, can affect glucose metabolism and increase the risk of hypoglycemia, especially in patients who already have diabetes or are prone to low blood sugar. Therefore, it is important for patients taking hydantoin therapy to monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and be aware of the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.

D. Pupil dilation:

Pupil dilation, or mydriasis, is not a common side effect of hydantoin therapy for seizure disorder. While certain medications may affect pupil size, this is not typically associated with hydantoin medications such as phenytoin.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Difficulty initiating speech

This is a characteristic symptom of expressive aphasia. Individuals with expressive aphasia have difficulty initiating speech and may produce speech that is slow, effortful, and lacking in grammatical structure.

B. Difficulty understanding the written and spoken word

This symptom is not typically associated with expressive aphasia. Instead, difficulty understanding language, both written and spoken, is more commonly seen in receptive aphasia, also known as Wernicke's aphasia.

C. Total inability to communicate

While expressive aphasia can severely impair verbal communication, it does not result in a total inability to communicate. Individuals with expressive aphasia may still be able to communicate to some extent using nonverbal means, gestures, or writing.

D. Stuttering and spitting

Stuttering and spitting are not characteristic symptoms of expressive aphasia. Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by interruptions in the flow of speech, while spitting is not typically associated with aphasia.

A. "It is too early to tell. When the spinal shock subsides, we will know more." B. "You should talk to your physician about things of that nature." C. "No. Significant recovery of function should occur in a few days." D. "Yes. In all likelihood, the paralysis is probably permanent."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "It is too early to tell. When the spinal shock subsides, we will know more."

This response is appropriate. Spinal shock can initially obscure the extent of neurological injury, and it may take time for the full extent of the injury to become apparent. By acknowledging this and suggesting that more information will be available once spinal shock subsides, the nurse provides a realistic perspective without prematurely predicting the outcome.

B. "You should talk to your physician about things of that nature."

This response may come across as dismissive or evasive. While it is true that the physician ultimately determines the patient's prognosis, the family may be seeking reassurance and guidance from the nurse as well.

C. "No. Significant recovery of function should occur in a few days."

This response is overly optimistic and potentially misleading. While some improvement may occur in the days following a spinal cord injury, significant recovery of function within a few days is unlikely, especially in cases of flaccid paralysis of all extremities.

D. "Yes. In all likelihood, the paralysis is probably permanent."

This response is overly pessimistic and lacks sensitivity. It may unnecessarily distress the family and extinguish hope for the patient's recovery.

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The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a patient with a history of diabetes who has just been diagnosed with seizure disorder. The patient has been prescribed hydantoin therapy. What will the patient most likely experience?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which signs and symptoms characterize expressive aphasia?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

On admission to the emergency department, a patient with a C5 compression fracture can move only his head and has flaccid paralysis of all extremities. The distraught family asks if the paralysis is permanent. Which is the best response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse documents an abnormal finding from the Babinski reflex as a (the):

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