The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a patient with a history of diabetes who has just been diagnosed with seizure disorder. The patient has been prescribed hydantoin therapy. What will the patient most likely experience?
Hyperglycemia
Hunger
Hypoglycemia
Pupil dilation
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hyperglycemia:
Hyperglycemia refers to high blood sugar levels. While certain medications can affect glucose metabolism and potentially lead to hyperglycemia as a side effect, this is not typically associated with hydantoin therapy for seizure disorder. Therefore, it is less likely for the patient to experience hyperglycemia as a direct result of taking hydantoin medication.
B. Hunger:
Hunger is not a common side effect of hydantoin therapy for seizure disorder. While some medications may affect appetite or cause changes in eating habits, hunger is not a typical side effect of hydantoin medications such as phenytoin.
C. Hypoglycemia:
Hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar levels, which can lead to symptoms such as confusion, dizziness, sweating, and weakness. Hydantoin medications, particularly phenytoin, can affect glucose metabolism and increase the risk of hypoglycemia, especially in patients who already have diabetes or are prone to low blood sugar. Therefore, it is important for patients taking hydantoin therapy to monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and be aware of the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.
D. Pupil dilation:
Pupil dilation, or mydriasis, is not a common side effect of hydantoin therapy for seizure disorder. While certain medications may affect pupil size, this is not typically associated with hydantoin medications such as phenytoin.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["15"]
Explanation
To calculate the dose of phenytoin suspension, the nurse should use the following formula:
Dose (mL) = Desired dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL) x Volume (mL)
Plugging in the values from the question, we get:
Dose (mL) = 75 mg / (25 mg/5 mL) x 5 mL
Dose (mL) = 15 mL
Therefore, the nurse should administer 15 mL of phenytoin suspension to the patient
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Bradycardia, hypertension, and widening pulse pressure
This combination of symptoms is characteristic of Cushing's triad. Bradycardia (slow heart rate), hypertension (elevated blood pressure), and widening pulse pressure (difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure) are indicative of increased ICP, specifically resulting in the compression of brain structures that regulate vital functions.
B. Widening pulse pressure, headache, and seizure
While headache and seizure may occur in patients with increased ICP, widening pulse pressure alone is not sufficient to meet the criteria of Cushing's triad. The presence of bradycardia and hypertension, along with widening pulse pressure, is more indicative of Cushing's triad.
C. Hypertension, tachycardia, and headache
Hypertension and headache may occur in patients with increased ICP, but the absence of bradycardia and widening pulse pressure makes this option less characteristic of Cushing's triad.
D. Hypotension, tachycardia, and narrowing pulse pressure
Hypotension (low blood pressure) and narrowing pulse pressure are not typically associated with Cushing's triad. Tachycardia (rapid heart rate) may occur in response to increased ICP, but it is usually accompanied by bradycardia rather than hypotension.
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