A patient with peripheral vascular disease has been on pentoxifylline (Trental) for 2 weeks.

Which statements by the patient indicate no need for further patient teaching about the disease? Select all that apply.

"I should quit smoking to improve blood flow.".

"I need to avoid prolonged sitting or standing.".

"I should take my pentoxifylline with meals.".

"I need to limit my physical activity to avoid worsening symptoms.".

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B

Pentoxifylline is a medication that improves blood flow and oxygen delivery to the tissues in patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD), a condition that causes narrowing of the arteries in the legs. Pentoxifylline can help reduce the symptoms of intermittent claudication, which is cramping pain in the legs that occurs with walking and improves with rest.

Choice A is correct because smoking is a major risk factor for PVD and quitting smoking can improve blood flow and prevent further damage to the arteries.

Choice B is correct because prolonged sitting or standing can reduce blood flow to the legs and worsen symptoms of PVD.

Patients should avoid crossing their legs, wearing tight clothing, or exposing their legs to cold temperatures. They should also elevate their legs when resting and move them frequently.

Choice C is wrong because pentoxifylline should be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after meals, to increase its absorption and effectiveness.

Choice D is wrong because physical activity is beneficial for patients with PVD and intermittent claudication.

Exercise can improve blood circulation, increase muscle strength, reduce pain, and lower cardiovascular risk factors. Patients should be encouraged to walk regularly, as tolerated, and follow a supervised exercise program if available.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Simvastatin is a type of drug called a statin, which lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Statins work by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver, and the liver produces more cholesterol at night.Therefore, taking simvastatin in the evening can increase its effectiveness.

Choice A is wrong because changing position slowly when rising from a chair is not related to simvastatin use.

This advice is usually given to people who have low blood pressure or take medications that lower blood pressure, such as diuretics or beta blockers.

Choice B is wrong because maintaining a steady intake of green leafy vegetables is not specific to simvastatin use.

This advice is usually given to people who take anticoagulants, such as warfarin, because green leafy vegetables contain vitamin K, which can affect the blood clotting process.

Choice C is wrong because consuming no more than 1 L/day of fluid is not related to simvastatin use.

This advice is usually given to people who have fluid retention or heart failure, because excess fluid can put strain on the heart and lungs.

A. Administer medication. B. Contact provider. C. Hold medication D. Give potassium supplement

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse should contact the provider before administering furosemide because the patient has a low serum potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L, which is below the normal range of 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.Furosemide is a diuretic that can cause potassium loss and worsen hypokalemia, which can lead to cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and fatigue. The nurse should also monitor the patient’s blood pressure, weight, and urine output, as furosemide can lower blood pressure and cause dehydration.

Choice A. Administer medication is wrong because the nurse should not give furosemide without checking with the provider first, as it could be harmful to the patient with low potassium.

Choice C. Hold medication is wrong because the nurse should not withhold furosemide without a valid reason or an order from the provider, as it could cause fluid overload and worsen the patient’s condition.

Choice D. Give potassium supplement is wrong because the nurse should not give potassium supplement without an order from the provider, as it could cause hyperkalemia or interact with other medications.

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A patient with peripheral vascular disease has been on pentoxifylline (Trental) for 2 weeks. Which statements by the patient indicate no need for further patient teaching about the disease? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Anu is reinforcing teaching with a client who is starting simvastatin. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The prescriber orders furosemide 80 mg for a patient who has been retaining extra fluid after surgery. The nurse notes the following: BP of 142/88 (lying) and 108/60 (sitting); daily weight of 154 lb, a 1-lb drop from day before; serum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L. What should the nurse do?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A patient with peripheral vascular disease has been on pentoxifylline (Trental) for 2 weeks.

Which statements by the patient indicate no need for further patient teaching about the disease? Select all that apply.