A patient's ABG results are: pH 7.50, PCO2 25, HCO3 25, PO2 80. Which finding should the nurse expect as the body compensates for the acid-base imbalance?

The kidneys will excrete more HCO3 into the urine.

The respiratory system will increase RR.

The kidneys will create more HCO3.

The respiratory system will decrease respiratory rate (RR).

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. While the kidneys do excrete HCO3 to help in metabolic compensation, this process is slower than respiratory compensation.

B. An increase in respiratory rate would further decrease CO2, worsening the alkalosis rather than compensating for it.

C. Creating more HCO3 would not compensate for respiratory alkalosis and would actually increase the pH further.

D. The body will decrease the respiratory rate to retain more CO2, helping to lower the pH and partially correct the alkalosis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Accessory muscle use and nasal flaring may occur, but wheezing on exhalation is more typical in lower respiratory issues, such as asthma.

B. Thick mucus plugs and clubbing of the fingers are often associated with chronic conditions like cystic fibrosis, not croup.

C. Croup is a viral illness commonly presenting with fever, a characteristic “barking” cough, increased respiratory rate, and inspiratory stridor due to upper airway obstruction.

D. Frothy pink sputum and crackles are more indicative of pulmonary edema rather than croup.

A. inflammatory changes in the glomeruli causes "leaky" glomerular capillaries. B. an autoantibody attack to the renal artery, causing ischemia to the kidney glomerulus. C. the pathological leaking of casts from the glomerular capillaries into the urine. D. a substantial increase in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. In post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, the immune response to strep infection results in inflammatory changes in the glomeruli, making the capillaries "leaky." This allows protein and red blood cells to pass into the urine, causing proteinuria and hematuria.

B. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is not characterized by an autoantibody attack on the renal artery. It is primarily an immune-mediated inflammatory response in the glomeruli.

C. While casts may appear in the urine, the primary issue is glomerular capillary inflammation and permeability rather than direct leaking of casts.

D. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis typically results in a decreased GFR due to inflammation and reduced kidney function, not an increase.

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A patient's ABG results are: pH 7.50, PCO2 25, HCO3 25, PO2 80. Which finding should the nurse expect as the body compensates for the acid-base imbalance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which assessment finding is expected in a child diagnosed with croup?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

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