A patient presents with acute oliguria. Lab tests are done to pinpoint the cause. The nurse believes the patient has developed intra-renal acute kidney injury (AKI), based on which typical finding?
Serum creatinine (Cr.): 0.6-1.2
A 24-hour urine creatinine clearance test result that is higher than normal.
A serum creatinine of 0.5.
Casts present in the urinalysis.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Serum creatinine levels within the normal range (0.6-1.2) do not specifically indicate intra-renal AKI.
B. A high 24-hour creatinine clearance is not typically associated with intra-renal AKI, as kidney injury often leads to decreased filtration and clearance.
C. A low serum creatinine level (0.5) would generally indicate good kidney function rather than AKI.
D. Casts in the urine are indicative of damage within the kidney tubules, which is a characteristic finding of intra-renal AKI, often due to cellular injury or necrosis within the kidney itself.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A decrease in circulating epinephrine would not cause tachycardia; it would likely lead to a reduction in heart rate.
B. Sympathetic nervous system activity is responsible for the increased heart rate (tachycardia) in response to stress, pain, or decreased perfusion, especially during episodes of chest pain in CAD.
C. An increase in circulating acetylcholine, associated with parasympathetic activity, would generally result in a decreased heart rate.
D. Parasympathetic nervous system activity would lead to a decrease in heart rate and would not account for the tachycardia observed in this patient.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Serum creatinine levels within the normal range (0.6-1.2) do not specifically indicate intra-renal AKI.
B. A high 24-hour creatinine clearance is not typically associated with intra-renal AKI, as kidney injury often leads to decreased filtration and clearance.
C. A low serum creatinine level (0.5) would generally indicate good kidney function rather than AKI.
D. Casts in the urine are indicative of damage within the kidney tubules, which is a characteristic finding of intra-renal AKI, often due to cellular injury or necrosis within the kidney itself.
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