ABGs are drawn on a patient. The results are: pH = 7.30. PCO2 = 50, PO2 = 80. HCO3 = 25. What mechanism might cause this disturbance?

Bleeding in the brain.

Anxiety.

Kidney failure.

Extreme vomiting.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Bleeding in the brain could cause neurological symptoms but does not directly correlate with the respiratory acidosis indicated by the ABGs.

B. Anxiety typically leads to respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation, which does not align with the results showing acidemia.

C. The ABG results indicate a primary respiratory acidosis (low pH and elevated PCO2), which can occur in kidney failure due to the kidneys' inability to excrete acids and manage bicarbonate, leading to an accumulation of CO2.

D. Extreme vomiting is associated with metabolic alkalosis due to loss of gastric acid, which does not explain the acid-base disturbance presented.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Accessory muscle use and nasal flaring may occur, but wheezing on exhalation is more typical in lower respiratory issues, such as asthma.

B. Thick mucus plugs and clubbing of the fingers are often associated with chronic conditions like cystic fibrosis, not croup.

C. Croup is a viral illness commonly presenting with fever, a characteristic “barking” cough, increased respiratory rate, and inspiratory stridor due to upper airway obstruction.

D. Frothy pink sputum and crackles are more indicative of pulmonary edema rather than croup.

A. Cigarette smoking is the main cause of COPD but has a much less severe negative impact on the circulatory system. B. A patient with kyphosis and a measured VQ ratio of 0.6 has a decreased ability of inhaling air into their alveoli. C. Clinical manifestations seen in a patient with respiratory acidosis are tachypnea and tingling of the fingers. D. The nurse taking care of a patient with venous insufficiency understands the mechanisms of this disease when she makes sure the feet are lower than the heart. E. The nurse taking care of a patient with venous insufficiency understands the mechanisms of this disease when she makes sure the feet are lower than the heart.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Smoking is the leading cause of COPD, but it also significantly impacts the circulatory system, increasing the risk for cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and hypertension.

B. Kyphosis can alter lung expansion, potentially decreasing the V/Q (ventilation/perfusion) ratio to 0.6 by restricting air intake to the alveoli. This reduced ventilation impacts the V/Q balance, confirming decreased inhalation ability.

C. Respiratory acidosis typically causes bradypnea (slow breathing) due to CO₂ retention, rather than tachypnea. Tingling of the fingers is more associated with respiratory alkalosis.

D. For venous insufficiency, elevating the legs (higher than the heart) promotes venous return, not lowering the feet.

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ABGs are drawn on a patient. The results are: pH = 7.30. PCO2 = 50, PO2 = 80. HCO3 = 25. What mechanism might cause this disturbance?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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