A pediatric nurse is concerned that her patient is exhibiting signs of infective endocarditis. Which of the following symptoms would lead the nurse to suspect that diagnosis?
Proteinuria
ESR-14 mm/hr (Normal: Children<10 mm/hr)
Weight gain of 2 kg since last well visit
Hemoglobin- 13.8 (Normal: children 11.2 to 14.5 g/dl)
Temperature – 102.5°F
The Correct Answer is E
Infective endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves. One of the hallmark signs of infective endocarditis is fever, often accompanied by other symptoms such as fatigue, chills, and joint pain. A persistent fever in a child, especially when associated with other signs or symptoms like new heart murmurs or petechiae (small red or purple spots on the skin), can be concerning for infective endocarditis.
The other symptoms and findings listed (proteinuria, ESR, weight gain, hemoglobin levels) are not specific to infective endocarditis and may have other potential causes or interpretations. It is important to consider a comprehensive clinical evaluation and laboratory tests when assessing a child with suspected infective endocarditis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Secondary hypertension in children is hypertension (high blood pressure) that is caused by an underlying medical condition or medication. The primary approach to managing secondary hypertension is to identify and treat the underlying cause. This may involve medical treatment, surgery, or other interventions, depending on the specific condition responsible for the high blood pressure.
While lifestyle modifications such as a low-salt diet, increased exercise, fitness, and weight reduction can be important components of managing blood pressure in some cases, they are not the primary therapy for secondary hypertension. The focus should be on addressing the root cause of hypertension, and lifestyle modifications may be recommended as part of the overall treatment plan.
Correct Answer is ["C"]
Explanation
After a cardiac catheterization procedure, it is essential to restrict activity and keep the affected extremity immobilized to prevent complications such as bleeding and hematoma formation at the catheter insertion site. Encouraging play and activity can increase the risk of disrupting the catheter site or causing bleeding.
The other interventions are generally appropriate after a cardiac catheterization procedure:
A. Putting pressure above the catheter site for first signs of bleeding: This is a standard procedure to monitor for any bleeding at the catheter site and is an appropriate intervention.
B. Regularly check the pulses and temperature of the affected extremity: Monitoring pulses and temperature is important to assess for adequate circulation and early detection of any vascular complications.
D. Encouraging the parents to ambulate with the child 3 hours, or the soonest possible time, after the procedure to prevent blood clots: Early mobilization can help prevent blood clots, and it is generally a recommended intervention following cardiac catheterization.
E. Monitor cardiac function and oxygen saturation: Continuous monitoring of cardiac function and oxygen saturation is crucial to detect any immediate post-procedure complications and ensure the child's cardiovascular stability.
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