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A peripheral IV (PIV) is started in the left hand with a 20-gauge catheter.

Lab specimens are drawn.

IV fluids of lactated Ringer's started infusing at 75 mL/hour.

Contractions are now every 4 minutes, lasting 45 seconds.

Mother says they are getting more painful.

She and her husband are instructed on slow breathing and relaxation techniques.

Husband will assist with her breathing.

Client is instructed she can have pain medication if she needs it until time for epidural.

Contractions are now every 3 to 4 minutes apart and client reports they are really hurting, asking for epidural.Healthcare provider (HCP) to bedside. SVE reveals 5 cm dilated, 90% effaced and 0 station.Performed artificial rupture of membranes with clear amniotic fluid.

Client is prepped for immediate cesarean section due to fetal distress.

Client is instructed to start pushing as the baby is crowning.

Epidural is administered, and client experiences immediate pain relief.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

The scenario indicates that the client's contractions are increasing in frequency and intensity, and she reports significant pain, prompting a request for an epidural. The cervical exam shows she is 5 cm dilated and 90% effaced, with the baby at 0 station, which is typical for the active phase of labor. This is the appropriate time for an epidural, as pain management is often needed when contractions become more intense and dilation progresses. Clear amniotic fluid after artificial rupture of membranes also suggests no immediate complications.

Choice B rationale

Immediate cesarean section is generally reserved for situations of fetal distress or other obstetric emergencies. There is no mention of fetal heart rate abnormalities or other signs of distress in the scenario. While MS can complicate pregnancy, it does not automatically necessitate a cesarean section without specific indications. The decision for cesarean should be based on maternal or fetal indications not present in this case.

Choice C rationale

The instruction to start pushing is only appropriate during the second stage of labor when the cervix is fully dilated (10 cm). The client is 5 cm dilated, indicating she is still in the active phase of the first stage of labor. Encouraging pushing at this stage would be premature and could cause unnecessary exhaustion and potential harm to the cervix and fetus. Pushing is typically reserved for the final stage when the baby's head is crowning.

Choice D rationale

Administering an epidural and experiencing immediate pain relief aligns with the standard protocol for labor analgesia when requested by the client. Epidural anesthesia is a common and effective method for pain management during labor. This option respects the client's expressed need for pain relief and involves the healthcare provider in safely administering the epidural. Immediate relief from pain can help the client focus on labor progression and reduce stress.

Nursing Test Bank

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Rechecking all vital signs, including core temperature, is essential to assess the client's overall status and identify any changes that may indicate a worsening condition or complications such as infection.

Choice B rationale

Applying oxygen via nasal prongs at 4 L/minute helps ensure adequate oxygenation, which is crucial for patients who may be experiencing postoperative complications, including fever and increased metabolic demand.

Choice C rationale

Continuing to monitor vital signs every hour is important to detect any further changes in the patient's condition and provide timely interventions if needed. Frequent monitoring allows for close observation of trends.

Choice D rationale

Exposing the client's extremities and applying ice packs to the axilla can help reduce fever by promoting heat loss. This intervention is beneficial in managing elevated body temperature and preventing complications associated with hyperthermia.

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"A"}

Explanation

Complete the sentence: The nurse teaches the client about the fetus's reaction to labor by explaining that early decelerations indicate head compression and assessing fetal heart rate patterns before, during, and after contractions.

Rationale for correct answer: Explaining that early decelerations indicate head compression is correct because early decelerations are typically associated with head compression during contractions. This is a common finding during labor and usually not a sign of fetal distress. It indicates that the fetus is descending through the birth canal, causing temporary compression of the fetal head, which leads to a brief decrease in heart rate.

Assessing fetal heart rate patterns before, during, and after contractions is correct because it provides a comprehensive understanding of how the fetus responds to labor. Monitoring the fetal heart rate throughout the contraction cycle helps identify patterns of variability, decelerations, and accelerations, ensuring that the fetus is tolerating labor well.

Rationale for incorrect answers: Choice A rationale: Identifying early decelerations as a sign of fetal distress is incorrect because early decelerations are generally benign and related to head compression. They are not typically a sign of fetal distress. Late or variable decelerations are more concerning and may indicate fetal distress.

Choice C rationale: Stating that early decelerations require immediate intervention is incorrect because early decelerations do not usually require immediate intervention. They are a normal finding during labor caused by head compression. Interventions are necessary for late or variable decelerations, which indicate possible fetal compromise.

Choice D rationale: Noting that early decelerations suggest umbilical cord compression is incorrect because early decelerations are not typically associated with umbilical cord compression. Variable decelerations are more likely to indicate cord compression, requiring closer monitoring and possible intervention.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"A"}

Explanation

Exhibits The nurse is reviewing the client's data. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the primary health care provider immediately? Select all that apply.

Following a cardiac catheterization and placement of a stent in the right coronary artery, the nurse administers prasugrel to the client. To monitor for adverse effects from the medication, which assessment is most important for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care?

The nurse is caring for a client who has a history of experiencing delusions. The client describes singing in a concert in the afternoon for thousands of people. Which action should the nurse take?

A client expresses concern about receiving proper care in accordance with the client's religion. Which action is best for the nurse to take?

A nurse is caring for an 84-year-old female client in her home and is discussing caregiver stress with the client’s daughter. Exhibits Select the 3 statements that the nurse should include when discussing caregiver stress with the client’s daughter.

The healthcare provider prescribes a 5% dextrose injection with 20 units of regular insulin for a client with a serum potassium level of 6.0 mEq/L (6.0 mmol/L) and glucose level of 180 mg/dL (10.0 mmol/L). Which evaluation is most important for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care?