A physician orders regular insulin 10 units I.V. along with 50 ml of dextrose 50% for a client with acute renal failure newly admitted to the critical care unit. What electrolyte imbalance is this client most likely experiencing?

Hypernatremia

Hyperglycemia

Hypercalcemia

Hyperkalemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Hypernatremia: This condition involves elevated sodium levels, which is not directly addressed by the insulin and dextrose order.
B. Hyperglycemia: While dextrose can exacerbate hyperglycemia, the order of insulin and dextrose is not for managing hyperglycemia but for another purpose.
C. Hypercalcemia: This condition involves elevated calcium levels and is not related to the use of insulin and dextrose.
D. Hyperkalemia: The administration of regular insulin with dextrose is often used to manage hyperkalemia. Insulin helps shift potassium into cells, while dextrose prevents hypoglycemia resulting from the insulin.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Low-grade fever: A low-grade fever could indicate an infection or other complications related to TPN or bowel surgery, and it is crucial to report this to the healthcare provider.
B. Fatigue: While fatigue is a common symptom, it is less urgent compared to a potential infection.
C. Anorexia: Anorexia is a concern but is not as immediate as a fever.
D. Hypoactive bowel sounds: This is expected after extensive bowel surgery and may not be as urgent as signs of infection.

A. Muscle cramps B. Bradycardia C. Concentrated urine D. Tachycardia E. Increased thirst

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Muscle cramps: Muscle cramps can occur due to electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium, which are common in states of dehydration and fluid imbalance.
B. Bradycardia: Bradycardia is not typically associated with dehydration or fluid imbalance. Dehydration usually causes an increase in heart rate (tachycardia) as the body tries to maintain adequate circulation.
C. Concentrated urine: Concentrated urine is a common sign of dehydration as the kidneys conserve water, leading to reduced urine output and higher urine concentration.
D. Tachycardia: Tachycardia is a compensatory mechanism in response to decreased fluid volume, as the heart pumps faster to maintain adequate blood flow and blood pressure.
E. Increased thirst: Increased thirst is a natural response to dehydration as the body signals the need for more fluid intake to correct the fluid imbalance.

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A physician orders regular insulin 10 units I.V. along with 50 ml of dextrose 50% for a client with acute renal failure newly admitted to the critical care unit. What electrolyte imbalance is this client most likely experiencing?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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