A practical nurse has gathered data on a laboring client who prefers nonpharmacological methods for pain management.
The client is experiencing anxiety, has an elevated blood pressure, and has erratic, rapid respirations. Which of the following methods will the practical nurse reinforce that will most likely aid in decreasing blood pressure and respiratory rate?
Acupressure.
Effleurage.
Bradley method.
Lamaze method.
Yoga.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Acupressure involves applying pressure to specific points on the body, aiming to stimulate energy flow and relieve pain. While it can promote relaxation and analgesia by releasing endorphins, its direct effect on significantly reducing blood pressure and respiratory rate in acute anxiety may be less pronounced compared to methods emphasizing controlled breathing techniques.
Choice B rationale
Effleurage is a light, stroking massage, typically applied to the abdomen during contractions. This technique can distract from pain and promote relaxation by stimulating large nerve fibers, thereby reducing pain perception. However, its primary physiological impact is generally on pain modulation and comfort, rather than a direct, strong reduction in elevated blood pressure and respiratory rate.
Choice C rationale
The Bradley method, also known as "husband-coached childbirth," emphasizes natural childbirth, focusing on deep abdominal breathing, relaxation, and partner support. While it promotes a calm environment and can reduce overall stress, its specific techniques for immediate physiological regulation of acutely elevated blood pressure and erratic respirations may not be as direct as methods specifically teaching controlled breathing.
Choice D rationale
The Lamaze method focuses on controlled breathing and relaxation techniques during labor. These techniques, particularly patterned breathing, directly influence the autonomic nervous system by increasing vagal tone, which can lead to a decrease in heart rate and respiratory rate, thereby lowering blood pressure and promoting a sense of calm during periods of anxiety.
Choice E rationale
Yoga incorporates physical postures, breathing exercises (pranayama), and meditation. While highly effective for long-term stress reduction and improving cardiovascular health, its immediate application in a laboring client experiencing acute anxiety with elevated vital signs might be less practical for immediate physiological regulation compared to targeted breathing methods like Lamaze.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease involves avascular necrosis of the femoral head, requiring strict adherence to prescribed treatment, such as bracing or limited weight-bearing, to promote revascularization and prevent femoral head deformity. Non-compliance significantly increases the risk of long-term osteoarthritis and functional limitations.
Choice B rationale
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is not a terminal illness. While it can lead to chronic hip problems if not properly managed, it is a self-limiting condition where the bone eventually regenerates, albeit sometimes with residual deformity.
Choice C rationale
While pain management may be necessary, antibiotics are not a primary treatment for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease as it is an aseptic necrosis, not an infection. The focus is on preserving the femoral head and restoring its blood supply.
Choice D rationale
Rehabilitation to regain mobility might be part of the long-term management after the acute phase or surgery, but the initial and key focus is on preventing further damage to the femoral head and ensuring proper healing, which often involves activity restriction.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This describes an incomplete fracture, where the bone's continuity is not completely disrupted. The periosteum and some bone matrix remain intact, providing some structural continuity. This type of fracture often involves a "greenstick" injury in children, where one side of the bone fractures and the other side bends.
Choice B rationale
A complete fracture involves a full break through the bone, resulting in two or more distinct bone fragments that are no longer connected. This disruption compromises the structural integrity of the bone, leading to instability and potential displacement of the fragments.
Choice C rationale
This describes an open or compound fracture, where the fractured bone fragments penetrate the skin, creating an open wound. While often a complete fracture, the defining characteristic here is the skin penetration and increased risk of infection, not just the separation of fragments.
Choice D rationale
This describes a bend deformity or an incomplete fracture, often seen in children due to the greater flexibility of their bones compared to adults. The bone's plastic deformation allows it to bend without a complete break, preserving some structural continuity.
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