A public health nurse is developing a protocol for treatment of inhalation anthrax in the event of widespread public exposure. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to include?
The anthrax vaccine is ineffective following direct anthrax exposure.
Prophylactic treatment should be provided to clients for 10 days following exposure to anthrax.
Ciprofloxacin should be administered for asymptomatic clients who were directly exposed to anthrax.
Manifestations of anthrax infection appear within 3 days of exposure.
The Correct Answer is C
A. The anthrax vaccine is ineffective following direct anthrax exposure.
Explanation: The anthrax vaccine is a preventive measure but is not considered a treatment for individuals who have already been directly exposed to anthrax. Post-exposure prophylaxis with antibiotics is the primary intervention in such cases.
B. Prophylactic treatment should be provided to clients for 10 days following exposure to anthrax.
Explanation: The duration of prophylactic treatment may vary depending on the specific antibiotic used. While a 10-day course is common, the exact duration may be determined based on the specific antibiotic prescribed and updated recommendations from public health authorities.
C. Ciprofloxacin should be administered for asymptomatic clients who were directly exposed to anthrax.
Explanation: In the event of widespread public exposure to anthrax, prophylactic antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin are recommended for asymptomatic individuals who were directly exposed. Ciprofloxacin is one of the antibiotics effective against Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax. Providing prompt prophylactic treatment can prevent the development of anthrax infection.
D. Manifestations of anthrax infection appear within 3 days of exposure.
Explanation: The incubation period for anthrax can vary, and symptoms may not appear within 3 days of exposure. The incubation period can range from days to weeks, and the onset of symptoms may depend on factors such as the dose of exposure and the strain of anthrax.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Formulate objectives for the smoking cessation program.
Formulating objectives is an important step in program planning, but it should come after gathering information about the community's needs and characteristics. Objectives are developed based on a clear understanding of the target population.
B. Evaluate the methods of successful smoking cessation programs.
Evaluating methods of successful programs is a valuable step, but it is premature without first understanding the community's current situation. The assessment of community needs and prevalence informs the selection of appropriate methods.
C. Gain community support for the program.
Gaining community support is a crucial aspect of program implementation, but it may be more effectively pursued after determining the prevalence of smoking. Understanding the extent of the issue can help in building a case for community involvement and support.
D. Determine the prevalence of smoking in the community.
Explanation: Assessing the prevalence of smoking in the community is a crucial initial step in planning a smoking cessation program. Understanding the extent of the problem helps the nurse identify the target population, assess the community's specific needs, and tailor the program to address local factors influencing smoking habits.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Clostridium difficile
Clostridium difficile is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, and standard precautions (including hand hygiene and contact precautions) are appropriate for preventing its spread.
B. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
RSV is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets, and standard precautions, as well as contact precautions, are typically sufficient to prevent transmission.
C. Disseminated herpes zoster
Explanation: Airborne precautions are required for diseases that are transmitted via small droplets that remain suspended in the air. Disseminated herpes zoster (shingles) is one such condition that requires airborne precautions due to the potential for airborne transmission.
D. Influenza
Influenza is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets, and standard precautions (including hand hygiene, respiratory hygiene, and mask use) are typically employed to prevent transmission. Airborne precautions are not routinely required for influenza.
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