A public health nurse is developing a protocol for treatment of inhalation anthrax in the event of widespread public exposure. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to include?
The anthrax vaccine is ineffective following direct anthrax exposure.
Prophylactic treatment should be provided to clients for 10 days following exposure to anthrax.
Ciprofloxacin should be administered for asymptomatic clients who were directly exposed to anthrax.
Manifestations of anthrax infection appear within 3 days of exposure.
The Correct Answer is C
A. The anthrax vaccine is ineffective following direct anthrax exposure.
Explanation: The anthrax vaccine is a preventive measure but is not considered a treatment for individuals who have already been directly exposed to anthrax. Post-exposure prophylaxis with antibiotics is the primary intervention in such cases.
B. Prophylactic treatment should be provided to clients for 10 days following exposure to anthrax.
Explanation: The duration of prophylactic treatment may vary depending on the specific antibiotic used. While a 10-day course is common, the exact duration may be determined based on the specific antibiotic prescribed and updated recommendations from public health authorities.
C. Ciprofloxacin should be administered for asymptomatic clients who were directly exposed to anthrax.
Explanation: In the event of widespread public exposure to anthrax, prophylactic antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin are recommended for asymptomatic individuals who were directly exposed. Ciprofloxacin is one of the antibiotics effective against Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax. Providing prompt prophylactic treatment can prevent the development of anthrax infection.
D. Manifestations of anthrax infection appear within 3 days of exposure.
Explanation: The incubation period for anthrax can vary, and symptoms may not appear within 3 days of exposure. The incubation period can range from days to weeks, and the onset of symptoms may depend on factors such as the dose of exposure and the strain of anthrax.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The child has recent onset of urinary incontinence.
Correct: The sudden onset of urinary incontinence may be a sign of emotional or physical abuse, and it warrants further investigation.
B. The child has bruises on both knees.
Incorrect: Bruises on the knees might be common in children due to regular activities like playing. While bruises can be a concern, they may not necessarily indicate maltreatment.
C. The child reports having a toothache.
Incorrect: A toothache, on its own, is not a typical sign of maltreatment. It may be related to dental issues or other health factors.
D. The child receives free lunches at school.
Incorrect: Receiving free lunches does not indicate maltreatment. It may be a sign of economic need, but it is not directly related to potential abuse.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Herpes simplex virus.
Explanation: While Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common viral infection, reporting requirements may vary. In many regions, it is not necessarily a reportable infection to the health department.
B. Human papillomavirus (HPV).
Explanation: Similar to HSV, reporting requirements for Human papillomavirus (HPV) may vary. In many cases, HPV is not a reportable infection to the health department.
C. Chlamydia.
Explanation: Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that is reportable to public health authorities. Reporting cases of Chlamydia to the state health department is important for monitoring and controlling the spread of the infection. This helps in implementing public health interventions and preventive measures.
D. Group B streptococcus β-hemolytic.
Explanation: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is commonly associated with infections in newborns. Reporting requirements for GBS infections may also vary, but in many cases, GBS infections in adults are not routinely reportable to the health department. However, GBS screening during pregnancy and reporting of positive results for preventive measures in newborns might be in place.
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