A school nurse is assessing a school-age child and notices white flakes that don't brush off the hair and a rash on the back of the child's neck. The nurse should suspect which of the following disorders?
Pediculosis capitis
Impetigo contagiosa
Folliculitis
Tinea capitis
The Correct Answer is D
A. Pediculosis capitis, commonly known as head lice, is characterized by the presence of live lice and nits (lice eggs) attached to the hair shaft close to the scalp. They do not typically cause a rash on the back of the neck.
B. Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection characterized by red sores or blisters that rupture and form honey-colored crusts. It commonly affects areas of the body with broken skin, such as the face, hands, and arms.
C. Folliculitis is inflammation or infection of the hair follicles caused by bacteria or fungi. It can result in red, swollen, and pus-filled bumps around hair follicles.
D. Tinea capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp and hair follicles. It is characterized by the presence of white or grayish flakes that adhere to the hair shafts and cannot be easily brushed off, along with a rash or scaly patch on the scalp. The rash may extend to the back of the neck.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Monitoring the child's blood count is essential to assess the effectiveness of the iron supplements and ensure the child's anemia is being treated properly.
B. Dietary fiber does not enhance iron absorption; in fact, high levels of fiber can inhibit the absorption of iron. It is generally recommended to maintain a balanced diet while taking iron supplements.
C. Iron supplements are best absorbed on an empty stomach. However, if they cause stomach upset, they may be taken with a small amount of food or as directed by a healthcare provider.
D. Iron supplements should be administered in divided doses throughout the day to enhance absorption and minimize gastrointestinal side effects.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining and is typically not caused by streptococcal infections. There is no direct link between gastritis and rheumatic fever.
B. Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory condition that develops as a complication of inadequately treated Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections such as strep throat.
Therefore, a history of a sibling having a sore throat 3 weeks ago is significant because it suggests a possible streptococcal infection.
C. Fifth disease, caused by parvovirus B19, is a viral infection that primarily affects children. It is not caused by streptococcal bacteria and is not associated with the development of rheumatic fever.
D. Chickenpox, caused by the varicella-zoster virus, is a viral infection and does not predispose a child to rheumatic fever.
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