A soldier has been back from Iraq for two weeks. He is being seen in the outpatient mental health clinic due to complaints of inability to sleep, nightmares, and flashbacks. The nurse would expect the client to be diagnosed with which of the following?

Generalized anxiety disorder

Posttraumatic stress disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Social phobia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Generalized anxiety disorder: Generalized anxiety disorder involves persistent and excessive worry, but it does not typically present with the specific symptoms of nightmares and flashbacks related to trauma.

B. Posttraumatic stress disorder: PTSD is characterized by symptoms such as nightmares, flashbacks, and difficulty sleeping, especially following exposure to traumatic events. This fits the soldier’s presentation.

C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: OCD involves recurrent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors (compulsions). The symptoms described do not align with OCD but rather with trauma-related symptoms.

D. Social phobia: Social phobia involves intense fear of social situations, not the trauma-related symptoms described. It is less relevant to the soldier’s experience of nightmares and flashbacks.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Benzodiazepines: Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed for short-term management of anxiety disorders due to their rapid anxiolytic effects.

B. SSRIs: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are frequently used as first-line treatment for various anxiety disorders due to their efficacy and favorable side effect profile.

C. Tricyclic antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are also used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, although they are less commonly prescribed than SSRIs due to their side effect profile.

D. Calcium channel blockers: Calcium channel blockers are not typically used to treat anxiety disorders. They are mainly used for cardiovascular conditions, such as hypertension and arrhythmias.

A. "My condition is a degenerative brain disorder caused by nutrient deficiency." B. "There is swelling of my brain that is caused by alcohol consumption." C. "The inability of my liver to metabolize the alcohol caused this condition." D. "Toxins from the alcohol I drank have caused my brain to swell."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "My condition is a degenerative brain disorder caused by nutrient deficiency." Wernicke encephalopathy is caused by thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency, which is often due to chronic alcoholism. The condition is associated with neurological damage from this nutrient deficiency, making this statement accurate.

B. "There is swelling of my brain that is caused by alcohol consumption." Wernicke encephalopathy is not characterized by brain swelling but by neurological damage due to thiamine deficiency.

C. "The inability of my liver to metabolize the alcohol caused this condition." While liver dysfunction can be associated with alcohol use, Wernicke encephalopathy is specifically due to thiamine deficiency, not liver metabolism issues.

D. "Toxins from the alcohol I drank have caused my brain to swell." This statement is incorrect as Wernicke encephalopathy is related to thiamine deficiency rather than brain swelling from alcohol toxins.

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A soldier has been back from Iraq for two weeks. He is being seen in the outpatient mental health clinic due to complaints of inability to sleep, nightmares, and flashbacks. The nurse would expect the client to be diagnosed with which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is aware that all the following pharmacological agents are useful in treating anxiety disorders except:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with Wernicke encephalopathy. The nurse determines that teaching has been effective when the client makes which statement?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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