A splinter penetrated into the skin of the sole of the foot, just superficial to the dermis. Which layer of the epidermis would be the final layer injured?
statum granulosum
stratum basale
statum lucidum
stratum corneum
stratum spinosum
The Correct Answer is B
A. stratum granulosum: The stratum granulosum is a middle layer of the epidermis where keratinization begins. A splinter superficial to the dermis would pass through this layer, but it is not the deepest epidermal layer affected.
B. stratum basale: The stratum basale is the deepest layer of the epidermis, located directly above the dermis. A splinter penetrating just superficial to the dermis would reach this layer last, affecting the basal cells responsible for generating new epidermal cells.
C. stratum lucidum: The stratum lucidum is found only in thick, hairless skin such as the palms and soles, but it lies above the stratum granulosum. While a splinter in the sole could pass through this layer, it would not be the final epidermal layer injured.
D. stratum corneum: The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of dead keratinized cells. It would be the first layer penetrated by the splinter, not the final layer injured.
E. stratum spinosum: The stratum spinosum is located above the stratum basale and below the stratum granulosum. A splinter would pass through this layer before reaching the stratum basale, making it an earlier layer affected rather than the final layer injured.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. accumulate the melanin granules on their superficial portion, forming a UV-blocking pigment layer:Keratinocytes take up melanin granules produced by melanocytes and position them above the nucleus. This arrangement shields nuclear DNA from harmful UV radiation, reducing the risk of mutations and cellular damage.
B. provide the melanocyte with nutrients necessary for melanin synthesis:Nutrients for melanocyte function are delivered through blood supply in the dermis rather than directly by keratinocytes. Keratinocytes do not supply essential substrates for melanin production.
C. maintain the appropriate pH in order for the melanocyte to synthesize melanin granules:pH balance in the skin is regulated mainly by sweat and sebaceous secretions. Keratinocytes do not directly control melanocyte pH for melanin synthesis.
D. maintain the appropriate temperature so the product of the melanocyte will not denature:Temperature regulation is largely a function of dermal blood flow and sweat glands. Keratinocytes do not control melanocyte temperature or prevent denaturation of melanin.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. TGCUU:RNA does not contain thymine (T); it contains uracil (U) instead. The presence of thymine makes this option incompatible with proper mRNA synthesis.
B. UGCAA:Complementary base pairing rules state that adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U) in RNA, cytosine (C) with guanine (G), guanine (G) with cytosine (C), thymine (T) with adenine (A), and thymine (T) with adenine (A).
C. ACGTT:This is identical to the DNA template strand and not complementary. The mRNA strand must be complementary to the DNA template strand, not a direct copy of it.
D. GUACC:This sequence does not match the base-pairing rules for the given DNA template. It represents a mismatch in complementary pairing, making it inaccurate for mRNA transcription.
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