Which of the following cell types could be found in the dermis?
monocytes, reticulocytes, and osteocytes
osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and epithelial cells
fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells
goblet cells, parietal cells, and chondrocytes
The Correct Answer is C
A. monocytes, reticulocytes, and osteocytes: Monocytes circulate in the blood, reticulocytes are immature red blood cells, and osteocytes are found in bone tissue. None of these are resident cells in the dermis.
B. osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and epithelial cells: Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are involved in bone formation and resorption, and epithelial cells form layers lining surfaces. These cells are not characteristic of dermal connective tissue.
C. fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells: Fibroblasts produce collagen and extracellular matrix, macrophages perform phagocytosis, and mast cells release histamine during inflammation. All are common resident cells in the dermis, contributing to structure, immunity, and tissue repair.
D. goblet cells, parietal cells, and chondrocytes: Goblet cells secrete mucus in epithelial linings, parietal cells are found in the stomach lining, and chondrocytes are located in cartilage. These cell types are not present in the dermis.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. stratum basale:This is the deepest layer of the epidermis, consisting of mitotically active basal cells. Its main function is cell division and replacement of superficial layers, not the initiation of keratinization.
B. stratum lucidum:This clear layer is found only in thick skin, such as the palms and soles. It contains densely packed keratin, but keratinization has already occurred before this stage.
C. stratum spinosum:Cells in this layer begin producing keratin and keratohyalin, initiating the process of keratinization. The spiny appearance of the cells is due to desmosomal attachments, which help strengthen the epidermis.
D. stratum corneum:This outermost layer is composed of fully keratinized, dead cells. By this stage, keratinization is complete, and cells are flattened, providing a protective barrier.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. less chance for infection:While following cleavage lines can improve wound closure, the risk of infection depends more on sterile technique and postoperative care. Cutting along cleavage lines does not directly lower infection risk.
B. greater chance of infection:Cutting parallel to cleavage lines does not increase infection risk. Infection is influenced by factors such as contamination, immune status, and surgical environment rather than incision alignment.
C. slowed healing and greater scarring:Incisions made across cleavage lines place tension on wound edges, which can slow healing and result in more prominent scars. Cutting along cleavage lines avoids this complication.
D. faster healing of the skin and less scarring:Cleavage lines (Langer’s lines) represent the natural orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis. Surgical incisions made parallel to these lines heal more quickly and with minimal scarring because they experience less tension.
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