Chondroblasts
within the cartilage divide and secrete new matrix
remain in compact bone even after the epiphyseal plate closes
are mature cartilage cells located in spaces called lacunae
never lose their ability to divide
The Correct Answer is A
A. within the cartilage divide and secrete new matrix: Chondroblasts are immature cartilage cells responsible for producing and secreting the extracellular matrix, including collagen and proteoglycans. They actively divide and contribute to cartilage growth, especially at the periphery (appositional growth).
B. remain in compact bone even after the epiphyseal plate closes: This description more closely matches osteocytes in bone, not chondroblasts. Chondroblasts are specific to cartilage and do not persist in compact bone after growth plates close.
C. are mature cartilage cells located in spaces called lacunae: This describes chondrocytes, the mature form of cartilage cells that reside in lacunae and maintain the matrix, rather than actively secreting it like chondroblasts.
D. never lose their ability to divide: Chondroblasts can divide while immature, but once they mature into chondrocytes, their division is very limited. Therefore, they do lose much of their proliferative capacity after maturation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. synovial membrane:Synovial membranes line the cavities of freely movable joints and secrete synovial fluid for lubrication. They do not surround the heart or other internal organs.
B. serous membrane:The heart is surrounded by the pericardium, which is a serous membrane. This double-layered membrane produces serous fluid to reduce friction as the heart beats within the thoracic cavity.
C. cutaneous membrane:The cutaneous membrane refers to the skin, which covers the external surface of the body. It does not enclose internal organs like the heart.
D. mucus membrane:Mucus membranes line body cavities that open to the exterior, such as the respiratory and digestive tracts, and secrete mucus to protect and lubricate surfaces. They are not associated with the heart.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. acetyl CoA:Acetyl CoA is a critical intermediate in cellular respiration that enters the Krebs cycle. However, it is not the primary fuel source but rather a product derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, or proteins.
B. protein:Proteins can be used for energy when carbohydrates and fats are scarce, but they are primarily reserved for structural and functional roles such as enzyme production and tissue repair. Their breakdown for energy is less efficient and not the main source of fuel.
C. glucose:Glucose is the body’s preferred and most readily available fuel for cellular respiration. It undergoes glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation to produce ATP efficiently, making it the main energy substrate under normal conditions.
D. fat:Fats provide a large energy reserve and yield more ATP per molecule than glucose, but they must undergo beta-oxidation before entering respiration pathways. They are slower to mobilize and not considered the immediate source of fuel.
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