After an assessment, the nurse realizes that a client demonstrates cognitive responses to stress. What behaviors did the client demonstrate for the nurse to make this clinical determination?

Irritable

Lethargic

Angry

Decreased attention to detail

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Irritable: Irritability is more closely associated with emotional responses to stress rather than cognitive responses. While irritability can be a manifestation of stress, it primarily reflects emotional tension rather than cognitive impairment.

B) Lethargic: Lethargy is a physical response to stress rather than a cognitive one. It refers to a lack of energy, motivation, or enthusiasm, which can result from stress-induced fatigue or exhaustion.

C) Angry: Anger is also primarily an emotional response to stress rather than a cognitive one. While stress can contribute to feelings of anger or frustration, it does not directly reflect cognitive impairment or alterations in cognitive functioning.

D) Decreased attention to detail: Cognitive responses to stress can include difficulty concentrating, decreased attention to detail, memory problems, and impaired decision-making. When a client demonstrates decreased attention to detail, it indicates cognitive impairment or distraction, which can be a response to stress. This behavior suggests that the client's cognitive functioning is affected by the stress they are experiencing.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "It might help if I tried sleeping only on my back."
Sleeping on the back can actually worsen obstructive sleep apnea because gravity can cause the tongue and soft tissues to obstruct the airway more easily. The recommended position to reduce apneic episodes is to sleep on the side.

B. "I’ll sleep better if I take a sleeping pill at night."
Taking a sleeping pill can relax the muscles of the throat, which might worsen sleep apnea by increasing the likelihood of airway obstruction during sleep.

C. "If I could lose about 50 pounds, I might stop having so many apneic episodes."
Weight loss is a key factor in reducing the frequency and severity of obstructive sleep apnea. Excess weight, particularly around the neck, can increase the risk of airway obstruction during sleep.

D. "I’ll get a humidifier to run at my bedside at night."
While a humidifier can make the air more comfortable to breathe, it does not directly reduce the number of apneic episodes. It might help with symptoms like dry mouth or nasal congestion but is not a primary treatment for obstructive sleep apnea.

A. Lactated Ringer's B. Dextrose 10% in water C. 0.45% sodium chloride D. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Lactated Ringer's:
Lactated Ringer's solution is an isotonic crystalloid solution that contains electrolytes similar to those found in plasma. It is commonly used for fluid resuscitation and maintenance therapy but is not typically used for treating hypernatremia, as it contains sodium chloride and could exacerbate the client's condition.

B) Dextrose 10% in water:
Dextrose 10% in water is a hypertonic solution primarily used to provide calories and treat hypoglycemia. It does not address the underlying electrolyte imbalance in hypernatremia.

C) 0.45% sodium chloride:
0.45% sodium chloride, also known as half-normal saline, is a hypotonic solution used to treat hypernatremia by diluting the excess sodium in the bloodstream. It provides free water to rehydrate cells without adding excessive sodium. This solution is appropriate for clients with hypernatremia who require IV fluid therapy.

D) Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride:
Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride, also known as D5NS, is a hypertonic solution containing both dextrose and sodium chloride. While it provides water and calories, the sodium content may exacerbate hypernatremia rather than correct it. Therefore, it is not the most appropriate choice for a client with hypernatremia.

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After an assessment, the nurse realizes that a client demonstrates cognitive responses to stress. What behaviors did the client demonstrate for the nurse to make this clinical determination?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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