After receiving Nembutal PO at bedtime, a client is wide awake all night instead of going to sleep. What kind of adverse reaction to a drug does this situation represent?

Toxic effect

Drug allergy

Idiosyncrasy

Drug tolerance

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Toxic effects involve overdose symptoms like coma; staying awake isn’t toxicity, as Nembutal’s sedative intent is reversed, not exaggerated, in this reaction.

Choice B reason: Drug allergy causes immune responses (e.g., rash); insomnia isn’t allergic, but a paradoxical effect, differing from hypersensitivity reactions entirely.

Choice C reason: Idiosyncrasy is an unexpected reaction; Nembutal, a barbiturate, should sedate, but wakefulness is an abnormal, individual response, fitting this category precisely.

Choice D reason: Tolerance reduces efficacy over time; this acute, opposite reaction to a sedative isn’t tolerance, but an immediate, unpredictable drug response.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Four times (6:00 a.m., noon, 6:00 p.m., midnight) is QID, not TID; TID means three times daily, and this schedule overdoses the patient unnecessarily.

Choice B reason: Six times daily is every 4 hours, not TID; this exceeds the three-dose requirement, risking toxicity or side effects from excessive administration frequency.

Choice C reason: 9:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., 5:00 p.m. is TID; spaced 8 hours apart, it aligns with standard three-times-daily dosing, ensuring consistent therapeutic levels safely.

Choice D reason: Meal and bedtime timing is vague; without fixed hours, it risks uneven dosing intervals, potentially disrupting pharmacokinetics and efficacy of the medication.

A. A patient develops hives after having started an antibiotic 24 hours earlier. B. A patient receives a double dose of a medication because the nurse did not cut the pill in half. C. A patient refuses her morning medications. D. A patient complains of severe pain still present 60 minutes after a pain medication was given.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Allergic reactions are adverse drug effects, not necessarily medication errors. Documentation of allergies before administration prevents such events.

Choice B reason: Administering a double dose results directly from improper preparation, constituting a clear medication error requiring immediate reporting and corrective action.

Choice C reason: Patient refusal is not a medication error but a decision. Nurses must document refusals and provide education on medication importance.

Choice D reason: Persistent pain indicates ineffective medication, which is an issue of treatment efficacy, not an error in administration.

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After receiving Nembutal PO at bedtime, a client is wide awake all night instead of going to sleep. What kind of adverse reaction to a drug does this situation represent?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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