After teaching a group of students about changes in body weight due to aging, the instructor determines that the students have understood the teaching when they state which of the following?

Thinning of the vertebral discs leads to weight loss.

An increase in lean body mass leads to weight gain.

Spinal kyphosis contributes to the increase in body weight.

Loss of muscle tissue contributes to the decrease in weight.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Thinning of the vertebral discs leads to a decrease in height, not weight.
B. Lean body mass actually decreases with aging, contributing to weight loss rather than gain.
C. Spinal kyphosis affects posture but does not significantly contribute to changes in body weight.
D. Loss of muscle tissue (sarcopenia) is correct because aging leads to a decline in muscle mass, which contributes to weight loss. Additionally, a slower metabolism and reduced physical activity further affect body composition.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A 3-year-old with fever, rash, and sore throat should be evaluated promptly, but these symptoms do not necessarily indicate an immediate life-threatening emergency.
B. A 45-year-old man with chest pain and diaphoresis for 1 hour is the priority because these are classic symptoms of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or myocardial infarction (MI). Immediate emergency assessment and intervention are required.
C. A 14-year-old girl crying about a possible pregnancy needs emotional support and counseling but does not require immediate emergency intervention.
D. A 20-year-old man with a 3-inch shallow laceration on his leg needs wound care, but his condition is not life-threatening and does not require emergency assessment.

A. Vesicular breath sounds B. Adventitious breath sounds C. Bronchial breath sounds D. Bronchovesicular breath sounds

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Vesicular breath sounds are soft, low-pitched sounds heard over most of the lung fields, characterized by a longer inspiratory phase and shorter expiratory phase.
B. Adventitious breath sounds refer to abnormal breath sounds such as crackles, wheezes, and rhonchi, but the described sound is a normal breath sound in the tracheal region.
C. Bronchial breath sounds are correct. These are high-pitched, harsh sounds with a short inspiratory phase and a long expiratory phase, normally heard over the trachea.
D. Bronchovesicular breath sounds are moderate in pitch and intensity, heard over the major bronchi rather than the trachea. They have equal inspiration and expiration durations rather than a longer expiratory phase.

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After teaching a group of students about changes in body weight due to aging, the instructor determines that the students have understood the teaching when they state which of the following?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is working in an ambulatory care clinic that is located in a busy, inner-city neighborhood. Which client would the nurse determine to be in most need of an emergency assessment?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

While auscultating a client's trachea, the nurse hears a high, harsh sound with short inspiration and long expiration. How would the nurse document this finding?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is admitting a new client to the subacute medical unit and is completing a comprehensive assessment. The nurse is appropriately applying standard precautions by performing which action below?

A nurse is preparing to examine the chest, extremities, and peripheral pulses of a client who has low back pain. What is the best position to place this client in to assure they are comfortable for the exam?

A client complains of shortness of breath and having to sleep on three pillows to breathe comfortably at night. During the nurse's examination, what findings will suggest that the cause of this client's dyspnea is due to a heart condition rather than respiratory disease?

A nursing student correctly describes a risk diagnosis by which of the following statements?

Which of the following statements indicate that the student nurse understands the importance of documenting the initial assessment data?

The nurse is preparing to perform a focused respiratory assessment on a client. The nurse should be cognizant of what anatomical characteristic of the lungs?

While the nurse is assessing a client's gastrointestinal system, the nurse's findings are unremarkable and the client denies complications. How would the nurse best document the subjective portion of the assessment?