An 84-year-old patient is hospitalized for an infected stasis ulcer on his ankle. The nurse is aware that this patient is at risk for a hospital-acquired infection (HAI) because the:

Stasis ulcers predispose the older adult to pneumonia and urinary infections.

Patient's defenses are already engaged with the initial infection.

Ulcer will make this patient bedfast.

Patient already has a blood-borne infection.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Stasis ulcers do not specifically predispose older adults to pneumonia and urinary infections. These infections have different primary risk factors and are not directly related to the presence of stasis ulcers.

Choice B rationale

The patient's defenses are already engaged with the initial infection, which can weaken the immune response and make the body more susceptible to additional infections, such as hospital-acquired infections (HAIs).

Choice C rationale

While being bedfast can increase the risk of pressure sores and related infections, it is not directly caused by the presence of a stasis ulcer. The patient's mobility status and overall health condition are more relevant factors.

Choice D rationale

The patient does not have a blood-borne infection. The presence of a stasis ulcer indicates a local infection, not a systemic blood-borne infection.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Washing hands when visibly soiled removes dirt, debris, and pathogens, effectively reducing the risk of infection.

Choice B rationale

Washing hands after using the restroom is a critical practice to prevent the spread of gastrointestinal pathogens.

Choice C rationale

Washing hands before meal preparation prevents the transmission of pathogens to food, protecting against foodborne illnesses.

Choice D rationale

Hands that appear clean may still harbor pathogens. Effective hand hygiene includes washing hands for at least 20 seconds with soap and water to remove invisible pathogens. .

A. Is complicated and hard to follow. B. Is that new diseases have continued to appear for which the older isolation techniques were ineffective. C. Is based on newer knowledge of how HIV is spread, to better protect health care workers from blood-borne pathogens. D. Is based on the premise in the new procedures that all body substances except sweat may be infectious, even when the person is not known to have a specific disease.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The new procedures are designed to be more comprehensive and inclusive of a range of pathogens. They are not necessarily more complicated or hard to follow but aim to cover all potential sources of infection.

Choice B rationale

While it is true that new diseases have appeared, the main reason for the new procedures is to address the broader range of infectious agents, not just new diseases.

Choice C rationale

The new procedures are designed to protect against all types of infections, not just HIV. They emphasize the need for precautions with all body substances.

Choice D rationale

The new procedures are based on the premise that all body substances except sweat may be infectious, which requires healthcare workers to take precautions with all body fluids, regardless of the known infection status of the patient.

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An 84-year-old patient is hospitalized for an infected stasis ulcer on his ankle. The nurse is aware that this patient is at risk for a hospital-acquired infection (HAI) because the:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about hand hygiene. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse clarifies that the difference between the use of earlier types of isolation procedures and the use of current Standard Procedures plus Transmission-Based Precautions as outlined by the CDC:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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