An atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that:
Is released from the adrenal cortex and stimulates atrial hormones.
Is stimulated to release when blood volume decreases.
Raises blood pressure.
Inhibits the release of renin and aldosterone.
The Correct Answer is D
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a hormone secreted by the heart when the atria are stretched by high blood pressure or volume.
ANP has multiple effects, such as increasing urine and salt excretion, lowering blood pressure, and opposing the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Therefore, ANP inhibits the release of renin and aldosterone, which are hormones that increase blood pressure and sodium retention.
Choice A is wrong because ANP is not released from the adrenal cortex but from the cardiac atria.
ANP does not stimulate atrial hormones but rather inhibits them.
Choice B is wrong because ANP is not stimulated to release when blood volume decreases, but when it increases.
ANP acts to reduce blood volume by promoting diuresis and natriuresis.
Choice C is wrong because ANP does not raise blood pressure, but lowers it. ANP acts as a vasodilator and reduces peripheral resistance.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
It is measured as part of a blood test and depends on the number and size of red blood cells. It is normally 40.7–50.3% for males and 36.1–44.3% for females.
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells and tissues of the body.
Choice A is wrong because the color of plasma is not hematocrit.
Plasma is the liquid part of blood that carries blood cells and other substances.
Choice B is wrong because hematocrit is not a disease.
It is a test that can indicate conditions such as anemia or polycythemia.
Choice C is wrong because hematocrit is not a clotting factor.
Clotting factors are proteins that help the blood to clot and prevent bleeding.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Kidney disease can cause hypertension by activating the renin-angiotensin mechanism.
This mechanism involves the release of renin from the kidneys, which stimulates the production of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels and increases blood pressure.
Choice A is wrong because kidney disease does not directly signal the brain stem to increase blood pressure.
The brain stem regulates blood pressure through the autonomic nervous system, which responds to various stimuli such as stress, pain, or emotions.
Choice C is wrong because kidney disease does not increase the release (excretion) of sodium and water.
On the contrary, kidney disease can impair the ability of the kidneys to filter out excess sodium and water, which can lead to fluid retention and increased blood pressure.
Choice D is wrong because kidney disease does not stimulate the secretion of ANP.
ANP stands for atrial natriuretic peptide, a hormone that is secreted by the heart when it senses high blood pressure.
ANP causes the kidneys to excrete more sodium and water, which lowers blood pressure.
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