An increase in which of the following is a result of stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system?
Peristalsis
Bladder tone
Heart rate
Saliva
The Correct Answer is C
A. Peristalsis, the wave-like contraction of the digestive tract, is typically decreased during sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system tends to slow digestive processes as the body prioritizes "fight-or-flight" responses.
B. Bladder tone is typically decreased by sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system causes relaxation of the bladder, inhibiting urination during stressful situations.
C. Heart rate increases with sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for action by increasing heart rate, enhancing blood flow to muscles, and increasing energy levels.
D. Saliva production decreases with sympathetic stimulation. The body reduces non-essential functions such as salivation during stress, focusing energy on immediate survival functions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Bowman's capsule is the site of initial filtration in the kidney, where blood plasma is filtered into the nephron. However, it does not participate in the reabsorption of water.
B. The proximal convoluted tubules are where the majority of water, along with glucose, amino acids, and ions, is reabsorbed. This segment is crucial for maintaining fluid balance in the body.
C. The renal pelvis is a funnel-like structure that collects urine from the collecting ducts and channels it into the ureter for excretion. It does not play a role in reabsorption.
D. The ascending loop of Henle is primarily involved in the reabsorption of salts (sodium and chloride), but not water, as it is impermeable to water. Water reabsorption occurs in other parts of the nephron, such as the proximal convoluted tubule and the descending loop of Henle.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The superior and inferior vena cava carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium, not oxygenated blood to the left atrium.
B. The aorta carries oxygenated blood away from the left ventricle to the rest of the body but does not return it to the heart.
C. The pulmonary arteries transport deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation, not the other way around.
D. The pulmonary veins are responsible for transporting oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium, completing the pulmonary circulation.
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