An increase in which of the following is a result of stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system?

A. A vesicle is involved in the transport of substances within or out of the cell via processes like endocytosis or exocytosis but does not directly permit ion passage across the membrane.
B. An enzyme catalyzes chemical reactions and is not directly involved in the transport of ions across the cell membrane.
C. A channel protein facilitates the passage of ions across the cell membrane, allowing specific ions to move in and out of the cell based on concentration gradients.
D. A lysosome is an organelle responsible for digesting and breaking down waste materials within the cell, not for ion transport across the membrane.

A. Peristalsis, the wave-like contraction of the digestive tract, is typically decreased during sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system tends to slow digestive processes as the body prioritizes "fight-or-flight" responses.

B. Bladder tone is typically decreased by sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system causes relaxation of the bladder, inhibiting urination during stressful situations.

C. Heart rate increases with sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for action by increasing heart rate, enhancing blood flow to muscles, and increasing energy levels.

D. Saliva production decreases with sympathetic stimulation. The body reduces non-essential functions such as salivation during stress, focusing energy on immediate survival functions.