Which of the following structures is responsible for respiratory control?
Medulla
Hypothalamus
Midbrain
Cerebellum
The Correct Answer is A
A. The medulla oblongata, located in the brainstem, is directly responsible for controlling the rate and depth of breathing. It detects changes in blood levels of CO2 and adjusts respiratory activity accordingly.
B. The hypothalamus regulates various autonomic functions, including body temperature, hunger, and thirst, but it is not directly involved in the control of respiration.
C. The midbrain is involved in functions such as vision, hearing, and motor control, but it does not directly control respiration.
D. The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating movement and balance, but it does not regulate respiratory control.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While phagocytes can move to areas of damage, their primary function is not to clump together and adhere to tissues, but rather to engulf and digest foreign materials.
B. Phagocytes, such as macrophages and neutrophils, are specialized white blood cells that ingest and digest foreign pathogens, dead cells, and debris within damaged tissues. This is their main characteristic and function.
C. The release of histamine is typically associated with mast cells, not phagocytes. Histamine helps to initiate inflammatory responses, but phagocytes are involved in engulfing pathogens rather than releasing histamine.
D. Transporting oxygen from the lungs to tissues is the role of red blood cells, not phagocytes. Phagocytes are involved in immune defense, not oxygen transport.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The tricuspid valve has three leaflets and is located between the right atrium and right ventricle. It closes during ventricular contraction (systole) but does not have two leaflets.
B. The pulmonic valve has three leaflets and controls blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. It is closed during the systolic phase but is not the correct answer for having two leaflets.
C. The aortic valve has three leaflets and controls blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta. It also closes during systole, but it does not have two leaflets.
D. The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve, has two leaflets and is located between the left atrium and left ventricle. It closes during systole to prevent backflow of blood into the left atrium.
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