Which of the following is the anatomical structure of the kidney located immediately before the ureter?
Minor calyx
Renal pyramid
Major calyx
Renal pelvis
The Correct Answer is D
A. The minor calyx collects urine from the renal papillae (tips of the renal pyramids), but it is not the structure immediately before the ureter. It connects to the major calyx.
B. Renal pyramids are structures within the kidney that contain the renal tubules and are involved in the filtration and excretion process. However, they do not directly connect to the ureter.
C. The major calyx is a larger collecting area formed by the union of several minor calyces. It channels urine into the renal pelvis but is not directly before the ureter.
D. The renal pelvis is the funnel-shaped structure that collects urine from the major calyces and funnels it into the ureter. It is the anatomical structure immediately before the ureter, which then carries urine to the bladder.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Cardiac index is a measurement of cardiac output adjusted for body surface area. It provides a more individualized assessment of heart function, but it does not describe the amount of blood ejected during each contraction.
B. Cardiac output refers to the total amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute, which is the product of stroke volume and heart rate. However, it describes the overall volume pumped by the heart, not the blood ejected per contraction.
C. Stroke volume is the term used to describe the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle during each contraction. It is a key indicator of cardiac function.
D. Ejection fraction is the percentage of blood in the left ventricle that is pumped out with each contraction, representing the efficiency of the heart. It is related to stroke volume but is not the same as the volume ejected per contraction.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Vasodilation refers to the widening of blood vessels, which typically lowers blood pressure by decreasing the resistance within the vessels.
B. Increased cardiac output means the heart pumps more blood per minute, which raises blood pressure by increasing the volume of blood circulating through the arteries. This is the correct answer.
C. Decreased heart rate would typically lower blood pressure, as the heart is pumping less frequently, reducing the force exerted on the blood vessels.
D. Parasympathetic stimulation generally lowers blood pressure as it promotes relaxation and reduces the heart rate, which in turn reduces cardiac output.
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