An infant develops hydrocephalus at 2 weeks of age. Which finding would the nurse expect to assess?
Hypothermia in the late afternoon
Excessive thirst
White sclera showing above the pupils
A soft, fretful cry
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hypothermia in the late afternoon: Hypothermia is not typically associated with hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus primarily affects the neurological system, leading to increased intracranial pressure rather than issues with body temperature regulation.
B. Excessive thirst: Excessive thirst is not a common sign of hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is more associated with neurological symptoms and signs related to increased intracranial pressure, such as changes in behavior, bulging fontanels, and irritability.
C. White sclera showing above the pupils: This finding, known as "sunsetting" eyes, is a classic sign of hydrocephalus. It occurs due to increased pressure in the brain, causing the eyes to deviate downward, with the sclera (white part of the eye) visible above the pupils.
D. A soft, fretful cry: While infants with hydrocephalus may exhibit irritability or a high-pitched cry, a "soft, fretful cry" is not a characteristic or specific finding. The cry may be more piercing or abnormal if the baby is experiencing increased intracranial pressure.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Epilepsy: Smoking during pregnancy is not linked to epilepsy in the newborn. Epilepsy is typically associated with genetic or neurological factors rather than maternal smoking.
B. Type 1 diabetes mellitus: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition and is not directly associated with smoking during pregnancy. Smoking can increase the risk of gestational diabetes, but not Type 1 diabetes.
C. Growth restriction: Smoking during pregnancy is a major risk factor for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The toxins in cigarettes can reduce blood flow to the placenta, limiting the oxygen and nutrients available to the fetus, which can result in smaller-than-expected growth.
D. Hearing loss: While maternal smoking can increase the risk of preterm birth and other complications, it is not a direct cause of hearing loss in newborns. Hearing loss is more commonly linked to genetic factors or infections.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Heartburn: Heartburn is a common issue during pregnancy, especially as the pregnancy progresses, due to hormonal changes and pressure from the growing uterus. While uncomfortable, it is not a danger sign requiring immediate medical attention.
B. Vaginal bleeding: Vaginal bleeding is a serious concern during pregnancy, especially in the first and second trimesters. It can indicate complications such as a miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, or placental abruption. It is important to call the healthcare provider immediately if any vaginal bleeding occurs.
C. Fatigue: Fatigue is a common symptom during pregnancy, particularly in the first and third trimesters, due to hormonal changes, increased blood volume, and the body's efforts to support fetal growth. It is generally not a reason to call the office immediately.
D. Once daily emesis upon awakening: Vomiting, especially in the early stages of pregnancy, is common and may be related to morning sickness. While it can be uncomfortable, occasional vomiting in the morning does not typically require immediate medical attention unless it becomes severe or persistent.
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