An instructor is developing a plan for a class of nursing students on various skin disorders. When describing urticaria, what would the instructor include?
It is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction.
Histamine release leads to vasodilation.
Wheals appear first followed by erythema.
The nonpruritic rash blanches with pressure.
The Correct Answer is B
A. It is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction: Urticaria is typically a type I hypersensitivity reaction mediated by IgE, not a delayed type IV reaction. Type IV reactions involve T-cell–mediated responses, such as contact dermatitis, rather than immediate histamine-mediated reactions.
B. Histamine release leads to vasodilation: Urticaria results from mast cell degranulation and histamine release, which increase vascular permeability and cause local vasodilation. This leads to the characteristic erythema, swelling, and itching associated with hives.
C. Wheals appear first followed by erythema: In urticaria, erythema and wheals usually appear simultaneously as a result of histamine-induced vasodilation and plasma leakage into the dermis. There is no distinct sequence of wheals followed by erythema.
D. The nonpruritic rash blanches with pressure: Urticarial lesions are typically pruritic (itchy), not nonpruritic, and may blanch under pressure due to transient vasodilation. Pruritus is a hallmark symptom distinguishing urticaria from other rashes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Jaundice: Jaundice in neonates is typically related to elevated bilirubin levels and liver immaturity rather than low blood glucose levels. Monitoring for jaundice would not address immediate hypoglycemic symptoms.
B. Erythema toxicum: This is a common, benign rash seen in healthy newborns and is unrelated to blood glucose abnormalities or hypoglycemia.
C. Jitters, tremors: Neurologic manifestations such as jitters, tremors, irritability, and poor feeding are classic signs of neonatal hypoglycemia and indicate the need for prompt intervention.
D. Subconjunctival hemorrhage: This occurs from birth trauma, particularly vaginal delivery, and is not associated with low blood glucose or metabolic disturbances in the neonate.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "There is a good chance that you will be able to breastfeed almost immediately": Immediately after cleft palate repair, the surgical site is delicate, and direct breastfeeding can place stress on the suture line, increasing the risk of bleeding or wound dehiscence, making early feeding unsafe.
B. "Breastfeeding is likely to be possible, but check with the surgeon": While consulting the surgeon is important, this response does not provide clear guidance regarding the timing of safe feeding and may leave the parent uncertain about postoperative care.
C. "After the suture line heals, breastfeeding can resume": Once the cleft palate repair has sufficiently healed, usually within 1–2 weeks depending on the surgeon’s instructions, breastfeeding can typically be resumed. This approach protects the integrity of the surgical site while supporting the continuation of maternal-infant bonding and nutrition.
D. "We will have to wait and see what happens after the surgery": This response is vague and does not offer concrete guidance or timelines, potentially increasing parental anxiety. Clear postoperative feeding instructions help ensure both wound safety and adequate nutrition.
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