An older adult client has fallen in her home and is brought to the emergency department by ambulance with a suspected fractured hip. X-rays confirm a fracture of the left femoral neck. When planning assessments during the client's presurgical care, the nurse should be aware of the client's heightened risk of which complication?

Osteomyelitis

Septicemia

Phantom pain

Avascular necrosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Rationale:
A. Osteomyelitis is a bone infection, more commonly associated with open fractures or post-surgical complications, not typically a preoperative concern with closed femoral neck fractures.
B. Septicemia (blood infection) is possible but not a primary complication of a closed hip fracture before surgery.
C. Phantom pain is associated with amputations, not hip fractures.
D. Avascular necrosis is a significant risk with femoral neck fractures due to compromised blood supply to the femoral head. Without adequate blood flow, bone tissue can die, leading to joint dysfunction and chronic pain.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Avoiding dry foods is not a specific recommendation for hiatal hernia unless the client also has difficulty swallowing; dry foods are not typically associated with reflux symptoms.
B. Eating smaller, more frequent meals reduces pressure on the stomach and helps prevent reflux symptoms in clients with hiatal hernia. This is a key dietary modification.
C. Antacids are usually taken after meals to neutralize existing acid, not before meals. Relying on OTC medications without provider guidance may mask symptoms.
D. Drinking fluids with meals, rather than only after, is generally acceptable. There is no strong evidence that delaying fluids significantly reduces symptoms.

A. Encourage deep breathing and coughing exercises to prevent atelectasis. B. Maintain the client on strict bed rest for the first 48 hours after surgery, C. Ensure that the client's indwelling catheter is patent and draining freely. D. Monitor for signs of infection, such as fever and redness at the surgical site.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Deep breathing and coughing exercises are important but ensuring catheter patency is more critical immediately post-prostatectomy to prevent urinary retention and bladder distention.
B. Strict bed rest is generally not required; early ambulation is encouraged to reduce complications.
C. Maintaining a patent indwelling catheter is essential after prostatectomy to prevent urinary obstruction, bladder distension, and potential damage to the surgical site.
D. Monitoring for infection is important but is a routine ongoing assessment rather than the immediate priority.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client seeking care because of recurrent heartburn and regurgitation is subsequently diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which of the following should the nurse include in health education?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client has just undergone a prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which of the following nursing interventions is most important in the immediate post-operative period?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is being admitted for an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

A nurse is reviewing the medical records of a client who has been diagnosed with a peptic ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor for this condition?

What nursing intervention should the nurse prioritize to prevent the complication of hip displacement in a client who has suffered a hip fracture?

A nurse is conducting discharge teaching for a client with peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following findings would the client immediately report to the healthcare provider?

A nurse is assessing a 72-year-old male client who reports difficulty urinating. Which of the following assessment findings is most indicative of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPHI?

A nurse is instructing a client how to decrease the nausea associated with chemotherapy and radiation. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?