An older adult nursing home resident who has always been alert and oriented is now showing signs of dehydration and has become confused. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely involved?

Hypercalcemia

Hypomagnesemia

Hyponatremia

Hypernatremia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hypercalcemia: Hypercalcemia may cause confusion but is less likely associated with dehydration.

B. Hypomagnesemia: This can cause neuromuscular symptoms but is less commonly linked to confusion in dehydration.

C. Hyponatremia: Low sodium levels disrupt brain cell function, leading to confusion and neurological symptoms, which are common in dehydrated older adults.

D. Hypernatremia: While dehydration may cause hypernatremia, it is less likely to present with confusion in this context compared to hyponatremia.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "Adding pecans will be a change I can readily make.": Pecans are not a significant source of potassium compared to other foods.

B. "I will eat cantaloupe for my morning snack.": Cantaloupe is a potassium-rich food and an excellent choice to increase dietary potassium.

C. "I will miss eating yogurt every day for breakfast.": Yogurt is a good potassium source, so discontinuing it would not help.

D. "I can plan to eat rice instead of baked potatoes.": Rice is low in potassium, whereas baked potatoes are a potassium-rich option.

A. (Select All that Apply.) B. Bradycardia C. Pale Yellow Urine D. Poor Skin Turgor E. Hypotension F. Flat Neck Veins

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Bradycardia: Vomiting and diarrhea usually lead to tachycardia (increased heart rate) as the body compensates for hypovolemia, not bradycardia (slow heart rate).

B. Pale Yellow Urine: Dehydration often causes the urine to become concentrated and dark yellow, not pale yellow.

C. Poor Skin Turgor: Poor skin turgor is a classic sign of dehydration caused by fluid loss.

D. Hypotension: Loss of fluid volume can result in hypotension due to reduced blood circulation.

E. Flat Neck Veins: Dehydration causes reduced venous return, leading to flat neck veins, particularly when lying down.

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An older adult nursing home resident who has always been alert and oriented is now showing signs of dehydration and has become confused. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely involved?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client about dietary sources of potassium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse in a community clinic is collecting data from a client who reports frequent vomiting and diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

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A nurse is assisting with care of a client who has a prescription for 3,000 mL of intravenous fluids over the next 24 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round to the nearest whole number)

A nurse is collecting data from a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the charge nurse as an indicator of dehydration?

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is taking a loop diuretic and notes the client's potassium level is 3.0 mEq/L (3.5-5 mEq/L). Which of the following physiological responses should the nurse expect related to the client's hypokalemia?