An older client is admitted for repair of a broken hip. To reduce the risk for infection in the postoperative period, which nursing interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.

Teach client to use incentive spirometer every 2 hours while awake.

Assess pain level and medicate PRN as prescribed.

Maintain sequential compression devices while in bed.

Remove urinary catheter as soon as possible and encourage voiding.

Administer low molecular weight heparin as prescribed.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D

Rationale:

A. Teach client to use incentive spirometer every 2 hours while awake: Using the incentive spirometer promotes lung expansion and helps prevent postoperative pulmonary infections like pneumonia, which are common in older adults after surgery.

B. Assess pain level and medicate PRN as prescribed: Pain management is essential for recovery but does not directly reduce infection risk. While adequate pain control may support deep breathing and mobility, it is not itself an infection-prevention intervention.

C. Maintain sequential compression devices while in bed: Sequential compression devices help prevent deep vein thrombosis but do not directly reduce the risk of infection. They serve a circulatory, not an antimicrobial, purpose.

D. Remove urinary catheter as soon as possible and encourage voiding: Early catheter removal minimizes the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), which are a major source of healthcare-associated infections in postoperative patients.

E. Administer low molecular weight heparin as prescribed: This medication is used to prevent blood clots, not infection. While important in postoperative care, it does not address infection control directly.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

Rationale:

A. An upset stomach may occur as a side effect of this medication: Levodopa commonly causes gastrointestinal upset, especially when first starting treatment. Taking it with a small snack (not high-protein) may reduce nausea, though the CR formulation tends to be gentler on the stomach.

B. A change in urine color to dark red often occurs while taking this drug: Carbidopa-levodopa can cause harmless discoloration of urine, sweat, or saliva to a red, brown, or black color. Clients should be reassured that this is expected and not harmful.

C. The medication should only be taken during a meal: Carbidopa-levodopa is best absorbed on an empty stomach. Taking it with food may help with nausea, but high-protein meals interfere with absorption and should be avoided around dosing.

D. Avoid sunlight and wear sunglasses while outdoors: This is not a common or significant teaching point specifically for carbidopa-levodopa. While some medications can cause photosensitivity, carbidopa-levodopa is not prominently known for this side effect.

E. Parkinson symptoms should diminish within one week: The therapeutic effect of carbidopa-levodopa, especially in CR form, often takes several weeks to reach optimal levels. Symptom improvement within one week is unlikely.

Correct Answer is ["1"]

Explanation

Calculation:

Determine the standard daily dose.

Standard dose = 500 mg PO twice daily, which means 500 mg per dose.

Calculate the adjusted dose per administration due to renal impairment.

Adjusted dose = Standard dose per administration × 50%

= 500 mg × 0.50

= 250 mg.

Available strength of each tablet = 250 mg/tablet.

Calculate the number of tablets to administer per dose.

Number of tablets per dose = Adjusted dose (mg) / Available strength (mg/tablet)

= 250 mg / 250 mg/tablet

= 1 tablet.

Answer: 1

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An older client is admitted for repair of a broken hip. To reduce the risk for infection in the postoperative period, which nursing interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client diagnosed with Parkinson's disease receives a prescription for carbidopa-levodopa, controlled release (CR) 25/100 mg PO daily each morning. Which information should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["1"]

Explanation

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