A female adult who works in the mailroom of an ammunitions plant opened an envelope that contained a white powder. Believing that she might have been exposed to anthrax, the client is immediately transported to the emergency department (ED) of a local hospital. Which intervention(s) in the emergency disaster response plan should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.
Instruct the client to shower and wash her hair thoroughly.
Clean all surfaces touched by the client with vinegar and water.
Place the client in a room with lead doors to contain airborne anthrax.
Bag the clothes the client is wearing in plastic bags.
Place the client on airborne precautions.
Correct Answer : A,D,E
Rationale:
A. Instruct the client to shower and wash her hair thoroughly: Decontamination by showering is essential to remove any anthrax spores from the skin and hair. Thorough washing reduces the risk of further spread and protects healthcare personnel and other patients.
B. Clean all surfaces touched by the client with vinegar and water: Vinegar and water are not effective against anthrax spores. Proper decontamination requires specific agents, such as a 0.5% hypochlorite (bleach) solution, under the guidance of hazardous materials protocols.
C. Place the client in a room with lead doors to contain airborne anthrax: Lead doors are used for radiation containment, not for biological threats like anthrax. Anthrax is not typically airborne unless aerosolized, so this intervention is unnecessary and ineffective.
D. Bag the clothes the client is wearing in plastic bags: Contaminated clothing can carry anthrax spores. Placing clothes in sealed plastic bags is a critical step in preventing environmental contamination and ensuring safe disposal.
E. Place the client on airborne precautions: While anthrax is not usually spread from person to person, airborne precautions are used if aerosol exposure is suspected, as in bioterrorism events. This helps contain spores until full decontamination is completed.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Self-description of pain: Pain assessment is important in general care but is not directly related to assessing for obstructive sleep apnea. OSAS is more concerned with sleep patterns, airway obstruction, and associated risk factors like weight and anatomy rather than pain.
B. Body mass index: BMI is a key factor in determining OSAS risk. Obesity, especially central adiposity, contributes to pharyngeal narrowing and increased airway resistance during sleep. A high BMI is one of the most significant predictors of obstructive sleep apnea.
C. Level of consciousness: While decreased alertness can result from sleep deprivation caused by OSAS, it is a non-specific finding. It may support further evaluation but does not directly assess the risk for OSAS or its underlying causes.
D. Breath sounds: Although breath sounds can reveal lung pathology, they typically remain normal in OSAS unless another respiratory condition is present. They are not the most important assessment for evaluating sleep-disordered breathing risk.
Correct Answer is ["1"]
Explanation
Calculation:
- Determine the standard daily dose.
Standard dose = 500 mg PO twice daily, which means 500 mg per dose.
- Calculate the adjusted dose per administration due to renal impairment.
Adjusted dose = Standard dose per administration × 50%
= 500 mg × 0.50
= 250 mg.
Available strength of each tablet = 250 mg/tablet.
- Calculate the number of tablets to administer per dose.
Number of tablets per dose = Adjusted dose (mg) / Available strength (mg/tablet)
= 250 mg / 250 mg/tablet
= 1 tablet.
Answer: 1
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