An older client's spouse reports to the nurse that there has been a behavior change in the client for the past several days. The client was recently seen by the healthcare provider at the clinic and was treated for seasonal allergies and insomnia. Which action is most important for the nurse to implement?

Review medications for drug and food interactions.

Observe carefully for extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)

Appraise light sensitivity, tiredness, and dizzy spells.

Encourage the client to engage in social activities.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale

A. Older adults are more susceptible to medication side effects due to changes in metabolism and polypharmacy. Reviewing the client's current medications, including over-the-counter medications for allergies and insomnia, can identify potential culprits.

B. Some medications used for allergies or insomnia, such as antihistamines or sedatives, can cause EPS in older adults. EPS include symptoms like tremors, rigidity, or involuntary movements. These symptoms can indicate adverse reactions that require immediate attention and adjustment of medication.

C. These symptoms could be side effects of medications commonly used for allergies and insomnia. They may also indicate other underlying health issues or medication interactions. Assessing these symptoms helps in determining their severity and whether they require further evaluation or intervention.

D. Social isolation can contribute to changes in behavior, especially in older adults. While social activities are beneficial for mental health, in this case, addressing the potential medication-related issues (options A and B) takes precedence to ensure the client's safety and well-being.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale

A. Children, especially infants, should not be given aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition that can affect the liver and brain.

B. This instruction is unnecessary and overly restrictive. It is not typically required to keep a healthy infant home from daycare after receiving routine vaccinations. Most infants tolerate vaccines well and are not contagious from the vaccines themselves.

C. This instruction is overly cautious. Fever after vaccinations is common and usually mild. A low-grade fever (temperature over 100.4°F or 38°C) is a common side effect of vaccinations and can be managed with appropriate measures such as giving extra fluids and using acetaminophen if recommended by the healthcare provider.

D. Applying a cool pack directly to the injection site can help relieve discomfort to the injection skin. Instead, gentle comforting measures such as cuddling or applying a clean, cool cloth to the area may help soothe discomfort.

A. Green leafy vegetables. B. Fresh fruits. C. Yogurt or buttermilk. D. Avocados and cheese.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale

A. Green leafy vegetables do not interact with cefdinir. They are generally a healthy choice and can be encouraged without any concerns related to the antibiotic therapy.

B. Fresh fruits are also safe to consume with cefdinir. There are no interactions between fruits and this antibiotic.

C. Yogurt and buttermilk contain probiotics, which are beneficial bacteria that can help maintain gut health. Antibiotics like cefdinir can disrupt the normal gut flora, leading to diarrhea or other gastrointestinal issues. Consuming yogurt or buttermilk with live cultures may help replenish beneficial bacteria in the gut and reduce the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

D. Avocados and cheese are also safe choices. There are no specific interactions between these foods and cefdinir.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A parent brings their 2-month-old infant to the clinic to receive the recommended primary vaccines. Which instruction should the nurse provide the parent about care of the infant after the injections?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The healthcare provider prescribes the antibiotic cefdinir 300 mg PO every 12 hours for a client with a postoperative wound infection. Which foods should the nurse encourage this client to eat?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with metastatic cancer who was taking hydromorphone PO at home is now receiving the medication IV while in the hospital. To evaluate if the client is receiving an equianalgesic dose of the hydromorphone, which assessment should the nurse complete?

Exhibits Based on the assessment data, the nurse recognizes the need to intervene immediately. Select the 5 priority interventions that the nurse should initiate based on the most recent assessment.

The nurse has reviewed the client's chart. Exhibits Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statement(s) by selecting from the lists of options provided. The nurse recognizes that this client is dropdown due to dropdown

Exhibits Which client statement(s) require(s) follow up teaching by the nurse? Select all that apply.

A client arrives at a hurricane disaster medical area seeking treatment for diarrhea. Which source of contamination should the nurse consider when interviewing the client about exposure?

A young adult is brought to the emergency department after taking a handful of drugs. The client is unresponsive, so an endotracheal tube (ETT) is inserted. How should the nurse determine if the ETT is correctly placed? Select all that apply.

A child who weighs 55 lb receives a prescription for cefotaxime 150 mg/kg/day IV in divided doses every 6 hours. How many mg should the nurse administer each day? (Enter numerical value only.)

Exhibits The nurse begins client education and asks the client what potential asthma triggers may have been involved in her recent exacerbation. For each statement click to specify if the client has an understanding or no understanding of asthma triggers. Each row must have one option selected.