At what degree of scoliosis curvature is a brace typically recommended for treatment in adolescents?
10 degrees.
48 degrees.
30 degrees.
20 degrees.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
A 10-degree scoliosis curvature is considered a very mild curve and often falls within the normal range or represents postural asymmetry. At this degree, bracing is not typically recommended; instead, observation and regular monitoring are usually sufficient to track progression, as spontaneous resolution is possible.
Choice B rationale
A 48-degree scoliosis curvature is a significant and severe curve that typically indicates advanced scoliosis. At this degree, bracing alone is often insufficient to correct the curve, and surgical intervention, such as spinal fusion, is usually recommended to prevent further progression and mitigate severe complications.
Choice C rationale
A 30-degree scoliosis curvature in adolescents is a threshold where a brace is typically recommended. This degree of curvature indicates a progressive curve that is likely to worsen if left untreated. Bracing aims to halt the progression of the curve during the adolescent growth spurt, preventing the need for surgery.
Choice D rationale
A 20-degree scoliosis curvature is a moderate curve. While it is more significant than a 10-degree curve, it is often still managed with close observation and monitoring, especially if the adolescent has significant growth remaining. Bracing might be considered, but 30 degrees is a more common guideline for initiation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
High caffeine intake during pregnancy has been linked to increased risks of miscarriage, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Caffeine is a stimulant and diuretic that can cross the placenta. Limiting caffeine intake to less than 200 mg per day, equivalent to about one 12-ounce cup of coffee, is a recommended guideline to minimize potential adverse effects on fetal development.
Choice B rationale
While excessive sugar intake is generally unhealthy and can contribute to gestational diabetes and excessive maternal weight gain, a blanket restriction of less than 10 grams per day is overly stringent and impractical. Carbohydrates, including some sugars, are essential for energy. The focus should be on limiting added sugars and consuming a balanced diet, not eliminating all sugar.
Choice C rationale
Organ meats, such as liver, are rich sources of essential nutrients like iron, vitamin A, and B vitamins, which are beneficial during pregnancy. However, they contain high levels of preformed vitamin A (retinol), which can be teratogenic in excessive amounts. Moderate consumption, typically once a week, is often considered safe and can contribute to nutritional needs, not complete avoidance.
Choice D rationale
Raw or undercooked fish, commonly found in sushi, can harbor bacteria like Listeria monocytogenes and parasites such as Anisakis simplex. Listeria infection during pregnancy can lead to serious complications including miscarriage, stillbirth, or premature delivery. Therefore, avoiding sushi and other raw seafood is a crucial recommendation to prevent foodborne illnesses.
Choice E rationale
Red meat is an excellent source of iron and protein, both vital for maternal and fetal health during all trimesters of pregnancy. Iron is crucial for preventing maternal anemia and supporting fetal growth and development. There is no scientific basis to avoid red meat during the first trimester; rather, adequate intake is encouraged for its nutritional benefits.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Bullying, especially when prolonged, can lead to chronic stress and emotional distress, often manifesting as symptoms of depression. The consistent negative social interactions, feelings of helplessness, social isolation, and decline in academic performance are all classic indicators of major depressive disorder, characterized by persistent sadness, anhedonia, and functional impairment.
Choice B rationale
Bullying systematically erodes an individual's self-worth and confidence. The constant criticism, exclusion, and targeting by peers lead to feelings of inadequacy and shame, directly contradicting any notion of increased self-esteem. Over time, victims often internalize negative messages, resulting in a significant decrease in their overall self-perception and personal value.
Choice C rationale
Bullying typically leads to social withdrawal, not enhanced social skills. Victims often develop anxiety around social interactions due to fear of further judgment or aggression. This avoidance behavior prevents them from practicing and refining social skills, leading to a decline in their ability to engage effectively with peers and form healthy relationships.
Choice D rationale
Bullying causes significant psychological distress, including anxiety, depression, and difficulty concentrating. These factors directly interfere with cognitive functions necessary for learning, such as attention and memory. Consequently, academic performance often declines as the student struggles to focus in class and complete assignments, leading to lower grades. .
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