(ATI/HESI question from external source) Which statement is true regarding hepatitis A vaccine?
It provides passive immunity for up to 6 months.
It is recommended for travelers to areas with high prevalence of hepatitis A.
It is not effective in preventing hepatitis A in close contacts of infected individuals.
It should be given to newborns of hepatitis A positive mothers within 12 hours of birth.
The Correct Answer is B
A.
Choice A rationale:
Choice A is incorrect because the hepatitis A vaccine provides active immunity, not passive immunity. Active immunity means that the body produces its antibodies in response to the vaccine, providing long-term protection against the virus.
Choice B rationale:
The hepatitis A vaccine is indeed recommended for travelers to areas with high prevalence of hepatitis
A. It helps protect travelers from acquiring the virus through contaminated food and water in regions where hepatitis A is more common.
Choice C rationale:
Choice C is incorrect because the hepatitis A vaccine is effective in preventing hepatitis A in close contacts of infected individuals. Vaccination is a crucial preventive measure for those who are in close contact with infected individuals, as it can help halt the spread of the virus.
Choice D rationale:
Choice D is incorrect because the hepatitis A vaccine is not given within 12 hours of birth to newborns of hepatitis A positive mothers. The vaccination schedule for hepatitis A vaccine varies depending on the country's recommendations but is typically given starting at 12-23 months of age.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The client's statement, "I will take pegylated interferon-alpha as the antiviral agent," demonstrates understanding of the treatment regimen for chronic hepatitis
D. Pegylated interferon-alpha is the recommended antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis
D. It helps suppress viral replication and reduce liver inflammation, which is essential in managing the disease. Interferon therapy can be used alone or in combination with antiviral agents like lamivudine or adefovir. However, it is crucial to note that interferon therapy may have side effects, and the client should be educated about them.
Choice B rationale:
"I will use ribavirin to suppress viral replication" is incorrect. Ribavirin is an antiviral agent used for the treatment of hepatitis C but is not typically recommended for hepatitis
D. The primary antiviral therapy for hepatitis D is pegylated interferon-alpha.
Choice C rationale:
"I need to continue the treatment for a shorter duration than hepatitis B or C" is incorrect. The treatment duration for chronic hepatitis D is generally longer than that for hepatitis B or
C. The therapy may last for six months to a year or even longer, depending on the individual response to treatment and the level of liver damage.
Choice D rationale:
"The goal of treatment is to achieve undetectable HDV RNA after the treatment ends" is incorrect. While achieving undetectable HDV RNA is a favorable outcome, it may not always be achievable with current therapies. The primary goal of treatment is to suppress viral replication, reduce liver inflammation, and slow down the progression of liver disease.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Getting vaccinated with the hepatitis B vaccine is an effective prevention strategy for hepatitis
B. It helps protect the individual from acquiring the virus and developing the disease. Vaccination is crucial, especially for individuals at risk of exposure to the virus, such as healthcare workers, sexually active individuals, and household contacts of infected individuals.
Choice B rationale:
Drinking alcohol occasionally is not a safe practice for individuals with hepatitis
B. Alcohol can further damage the liver and worsen the condition. Avoiding alcohol entirely is essential to protect the liver and promote healing.
Choice C rationale:
Clearance of infection does not confer immunity to hepatitis
B. The patient should still take precautions to prevent potential reinfection through sexual contact or other means.
Choice D rationale:
Screening blood donors and recipients for HBV infection is necessary to prevent the transmission of the virus through blood transfusions. It is a crucial safety measure to ensure that blood and blood products are free from hepatitis B virus and other infectious agents.
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