(ATI/HESI question from external source) Which statement is true regarding hepatitis A vaccine?
It provides passive immunity for up to 6 months.
It is recommended for travelers to areas with high prevalence of hepatitis A.
It is not effective in preventing hepatitis A in close contacts of infected individuals.
It should be given to newborns of hepatitis A positive mothers within 12 hours of birth.
The Correct Answer is B
A.
Choice A rationale:
Choice A is incorrect because the hepatitis A vaccine provides active immunity, not passive immunity. Active immunity means that the body produces its antibodies in response to the vaccine, providing long-term protection against the virus.
Choice B rationale:
The hepatitis A vaccine is indeed recommended for travelers to areas with high prevalence of hepatitis
A. It helps protect travelers from acquiring the virus through contaminated food and water in regions where hepatitis A is more common.
Choice C rationale:
Choice C is incorrect because the hepatitis A vaccine is effective in preventing hepatitis A in close contacts of infected individuals. Vaccination is a crucial preventive measure for those who are in close contact with infected individuals, as it can help halt the spread of the virus.
Choice D rationale:
Choice D is incorrect because the hepatitis A vaccine is not given within 12 hours of birth to newborns of hepatitis A positive mothers. The vaccination schedule for hepatitis A vaccine varies depending on the country's recommendations but is typically given starting at 12-23 months of age.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Hepatitis B can be transmitted through needle sharing, especially in the context of intravenous drug use. Contaminated needles can carry the virus from one person to another.
Choice B rationale:
Hepatitis B can be transmitted through blood transfusion if the donated blood is infected with the virus. However, routine blood screening has significantly reduced the risk of hepatitis B transmission through blood transfusions.
Choice C rationale:
Hepatitis B can be transmitted through sexual contact with an infected partner. The virus is present in the bodily fluids, including blood and semen, making sexual transmission possible.
Choice D rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Hepatitis B is not typically transmitted through the ingestion of contaminated food or water. Hepatitis A virus is the one commonly associated with contaminated food or water.
Choice E rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Hepatitis B is not transmitted through inhaling infected air particles. It primarily spreads through blood contact and sexual contact.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The client's statement, "I will take pegylated interferon-alpha as the antiviral agent," demonstrates understanding of the treatment regimen for chronic hepatitis
D. Pegylated interferon-alpha is the recommended antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis
D. It helps suppress viral replication and reduce liver inflammation, which is essential in managing the disease. Interferon therapy can be used alone or in combination with antiviral agents like lamivudine or adefovir. However, it is crucial to note that interferon therapy may have side effects, and the client should be educated about them.
Choice B rationale:
"I will use ribavirin to suppress viral replication" is incorrect. Ribavirin is an antiviral agent used for the treatment of hepatitis C but is not typically recommended for hepatitis
D. The primary antiviral therapy for hepatitis D is pegylated interferon-alpha.
Choice C rationale:
"I need to continue the treatment for a shorter duration than hepatitis B or C" is incorrect. The treatment duration for chronic hepatitis D is generally longer than that for hepatitis B or
C. The therapy may last for six months to a year or even longer, depending on the individual response to treatment and the level of liver damage.
Choice D rationale:
"The goal of treatment is to achieve undetectable HDV RNA after the treatment ends" is incorrect. While achieving undetectable HDV RNA is a favorable outcome, it may not always be achievable with current therapies. The primary goal of treatment is to suppress viral replication, reduce liver inflammation, and slow down the progression of liver disease.
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