From an online ATI/HESI MCQ: A nurse is caring for a pregnant client with hepatitis
Cirrhosis.
Encephalopathy.
Fetal death.
Liver cancer.
What complication should the nurse closely monitor for in this client?
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Cirrhosis is a late-stage complication of chronic liver disease and is not directly related to hepatitis E during pregnancy.
Choice B rationale:
Encephalopathy is a neurological complication of liver disease, but it is not specific to hepatitis E during pregnancy.
Choice C rationale:
Fetal death is a significant complication of hepatitis E during pregnancy. Pregnant women with hepatitis E have an increased risk of severe outcomes, including miscarriage, stillbirth, or neonatal death. Close monitoring of fetal well-being is essential in these cases.
Choice D rationale:
Liver cancer is not a common complication of acute hepatitis E during pregnancy.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale:
This statement accurately differentiates between acute and chronic hepatitis. Acute hepatitis is a short-term inflammation of the liver that typically resolves within six months. It can be caused by various factors, including viral infections (e.g., hepatitis A, B, and C), alcohol consumption, or drug toxicity. On the other hand, chronic hepatitis is a long-lasting inflammation of the liver that persists for more than six months. Chronic hepatitis can result from ongoing viral infections (e.g., hepatitis B and C) or other causes, such as autoimmune diseases.
Choice A rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Acute hepatitis is a short-term condition that resolves within a few weeks to six months, while chronic hepatitis is the condition that can persist for an extended period.
Choice B rationale:
This statement is also incorrect. Acute hepatitis is primarily caused by viruses (e.g., hepatitis viruses), not bacteria. Chronic hepatitis is also related to viral infections, not bacterial infections.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is not accurate. Both acute and chronic hepatitis can have severe consequences, including liver cancer. Chronic hepatitis, especially when caused by hepatitis B or C viruses, can lead to the development of cirrhosis and increase the risk of liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma)
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Hepatitis B can be transmitted through needle sharing, especially in the context of intravenous drug use. Contaminated needles can carry the virus from one person to another.
Choice B rationale:
Hepatitis B can be transmitted through blood transfusion if the donated blood is infected with the virus. However, routine blood screening has significantly reduced the risk of hepatitis B transmission through blood transfusions.
Choice C rationale:
Hepatitis B can be transmitted through sexual contact with an infected partner. The virus is present in the bodily fluids, including blood and semen, making sexual transmission possible.
Choice D rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Hepatitis B is not typically transmitted through the ingestion of contaminated food or water. Hepatitis A virus is the one commonly associated with contaminated food or water.
Choice E rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Hepatitis B is not transmitted through inhaling infected air particles. It primarily spreads through blood contact and sexual contact.
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