Bending your head backward past the point of anatomical position is called:
Circumduction
Rotation
Hyperextension
Flexion
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Circumduction is a circular movement that combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction. It is typically seen in ball-and-socket joints like the shoulder or hip, not in the neck. It does not describe the backward bending of the head.
Choice B reason: Rotation refers to the movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis, such as turning the head side to side. It does not involve bending the head backward.
Choice C reason: Hyperextension occurs when a joint is extended beyond its normal anatomical position. In the case of the head, bending it backward past the neutral anatomical position is a classic example of hyperextension.
Choice D reason: Flexion is the movement that decreases the angle between two body parts, such as bending the head forward toward the chest. It is the opposite of the movement described in the question.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Myosin heads pulling actin toward the center of the sarcomere is the core mechanism of cross-bridge cycling. This interaction shortens the sarcomere and generates muscle contraction. ATP binding and hydrolysis drive the cycle of attachment, power stroke, and detachment.
Choice B reason: Thick filaments do not shorten during contraction. Instead, thin filaments slide past the thick filaments as the sarcomere shortens. The filaments themselves remain the same length.
Choice C reason: Actin and myosin do not lengthen during contraction. They maintain their structural integrity while sliding past each other through repeated cross-bridge interactions.
Choice D reason: Z discs define the boundaries of a sarcomere and move closer together during contraction, but they do not slide over myofilaments. Their movement is a result of filament sliding, not a direct action.
Choice E reason: Titin is a structural protein that contributes to passive elasticity and sarcomere stability. It does not actively shorten or participate in the cross-bridge cycle
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: The humerus is the upper arm bone and articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula, not the acetabulum.
Choice B reason: The patella is the kneecap and articulates with the femur, not the acetabulum.
Choice C reason: The acetabulum is the deep socket in the pelvic bone that articulates with the head of the femur, forming the hip joint. This ball-and-socket configuration allows for a wide range of motion and stability.
Choice D reason: The tibia is the larger bone of the lower leg and articulates with the femur at the knee joint and the talus at the ankle. It does not connect to the acetabulum.
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