Normal chewing in humans involves _____ of the mandible.
Protraction and retraction
Opposition and reposition
Elevation and pronation
Elevation and depression
Supination and depression
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Protraction and retraction refer to the forward and backward movement of the mandible, which occurs during certain chewing motions but is not the primary movement involved in chewing.
Choice B reason: Opposition and reposition are movements of the thumb and fingers, not the mandible. They are unrelated to chewing.
Choice C reason: Pronation is a rotational movement of the forearm, not the mandible. Elevation is correct, but pronation does not apply to jaw movement.
Choice D reason: Elevation and depression are the correct movements involved in chewing. Elevation closes the jaw (biting), and depression opens it (jaw lowering).
Choice E reason: Supination is also a forearm movement and does not apply to the mandible. Depression is correct, but supination is irrelevant here.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
acromion is a projection of another bone.
Choice B reason: The scapula is the correct answer. The acromion is a bony process on the scapula that extends laterally over the shoulder joint and articulates with the clavicle to form the acromioclavicular joint.
Choice C reason: The ulna is a forearm bone and does not have an acromion. It forms part of the elbow joint.
Choice D reason: The scaphoid is a carpal bone in the wrist and is unrelated to the shoulder girdle or the acromion.
Choice E reason: The pollex refers to the thumb and is not associated with the acromion or shoulder anatomy.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Creatine phosphate does not interact directly with myosin. Its role is in energy storage and transfer, not in forming structural compounds with contractile proteins.
Choice B reason: ATP is broken down to ADP during muscle contraction, but creatine phosphate does not perform this breakdown. Instead, it helps regenerate ATP from ADP.
Choice C reason: This is the correct answer. Creatine phosphate stores high-energy phosphate groups and donates them to ADP to rapidly regenerate ATP during short bursts of intense muscular activity.
Choice D reason: Creatine phosphate does not form compounds with actin. Its function is metabolic, not structural.
Choice E reason: While ATP binding and hydrolysis induce conformational changes in myofilaments, creatine phosphate itself does not directly cause these changes. It supports ATP regeneration.
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