Carcinogens are factors related to the formation of various malignancies. Which factor has the greatest impact on the development of all cancers?
chemical agents
environmental factors
viruses
defective genes
The Correct Answer is B
A. Chemical agents: Chemical agents (e.g., tobacco smoke, asbestos) are significant carcinogens but are not the most influential across all types of cancer.
B. Environmental factors: Environmental factors, including exposure to radiation, chemicals, and lifestyle choices, have a broad impact on cancer development. This is the most comprehensive factor, as it encompasses various elements that contribute to cancer risk.
C. Viruses: Certain viruses (e.g., HPV, Hepatitis B) are linked to specific cancers, but they are not the primary cause of most cancers.
D. Defective genes: Genetic mutations play a critical role in cancer development, but they are often triggered by environmental factors, making environmental factors the most significant overall.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hematologic spread: Hematologic spread (through the bloodstream) is a common mechanism for metastasis to distant organs like bones and liver. This is the most likely mechanism for the spread described.
B. Lymphatic circulation: Lymphatic spread often leads to regional lymph nodes rather than distant organs like bones and liver.
C. Invasion: Invasion involves local spread into adjacent tissues but does not typically account for distant metastasis.
D. Angiogenesis: Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels to supply the tumor, not the mechanism by which cancer cells spread to distant sites.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Place the client in a private room. This is the correct action because clients with radioactive implants need to be isolated to minimize radiation exposure to others.
B. Place a chair next to the bed to allow the spouse to sit. While emotional support is important, prolonged close contact with someone who has a radioactive implant is not recommended due to the risk of radiation exposure.
C. Have visitors wear dosimeters for safety. While this is a good safety measure, the primary concern is limiting visitors and ensuring the client is in a private room to minimize exposure.
D. Allow visitors to telephone only. While telephone communication can be safe and supportive, the best initial action is to place the client in a private room to control radiation exposure.
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