Chemotherapy drugs cannot selectively distinguish between normal cells and cancer cells.
True
False
The Correct Answer is True
Choice A: True
Chemotherapy drugs work by targeting rapidly dividing cells, a characteristic of cancer cells. However, they cannot selectively distinguish between cancer cells and normal cells that also divide rapidly, such as those in the bone marrow, digestive tract, and hair follicles. This lack of selectivity leads to the common side effects of chemotherapy, such as hair loss, nausea, and decreased blood cell counts. The inability to differentiate between normal and cancer cells is a significant limitation of traditional chemotherapy.
Choice B: False
This choice is incorrect. If chemotherapy drugs could selectively target only cancer cells, the treatment would have fewer side effects and be more effective. However, the non-selective nature of these drugs means they also damage normal, healthy cells that divide rapidly. This non-selectivity is why patients undergoing chemotherapy often experience a range of side effects, as the treatment impacts both cancerous and healthy cells.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is True
Explanation
Choice A: True
The statement that a patient with alkalosis can develop hyperkalemia is generally incorrect. Alkalosis, which is a condition characterized by a higher-than-normal pH in the blood, typically leads to hypokalemia rather than hyperkalemia. This occurs because alkalosis causes potassium to shift from the extracellular fluid into the cells, reducing the plasma potassium concentration. Therefore, it is uncommon for alkalosis to result in hyperkalemia.
Choice B: False
The correct answer is that a patient with alkalosis is unlikely to develop hyperkalemia. Alkalosis usually causes a decrease in plasma potassium levels, leading to hypokalemia. This is due to the movement of potassium ions into the cells in exchange for hydrogen ions, which are moved out of the cells to help buffer the increased pH. Consequently, the plasma potassium concentration drops, making hyperkalemia an unlikely outcome in the presence of alkalosis.
Correct Answer is True
Explanation
Choice A: True
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are indeed the most common type of healthcare-associated infection (HAI). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), UTIs account for more than 30% of infections reported by acute care hospitals. These infections are primarily caused by the use of catheters and other instrumentation of the urinary tract, which can introduce bacteria and lead to infection. The high prevalence of UTIs in healthcare settings underscores the importance of stringent infection control practices to prevent these infections.
Choice B: False
The statement that UTIs are not the most common healthcare-associated infection is incorrect. While other types of HAIs, such as surgical site infections, bloodstream infections, and pneumonia, are also significant, UTIs remain the most frequently reported. The use of urinary catheters is a major risk factor, and efforts to reduce catheter use and improve catheter care are critical in preventing these infections.
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