Compared with contraction stress test (CST), nonstress test (NST) for antepartum fetal assessment:

has no known contraindications.

is slightly more expensive.

has fewer false-positive results.

is more sensitive in detecting fetal compromise.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: The NST has no known contraindications, as it is a non-invasive and safe test that does not stimulate uterine contractions or cause fetal distress. It is the most widely used method of antepartum fetal surveillance.

Choice B reason: The NST is not slightly more expensive than the CST, as it requires less time and equipment. The NST usually takes 20 to 40 minutes, while the CST may take up to 2 hours. The NST only needs a fetal monitor, while the CST also needs an intravenous line and oxytocin infusion.

Choice C reason: The NST does not have fewer false-positive results than the CST, as it has a higher rate of nonreactive results that may indicate fetal compromise when there is none. A nonreactive NST is one that does not show at least two accelerations of the fetal heart rate of 15 beats per minute or more lasting 15 seconds or more in a 20-minute period.

Choice D reason: The NST is not more sensitive in detecting fetal compromise than the CST, as it has a lower predictive value for fetal well-being. A reactive NST is one that shows at least two accelerations of the fetal heart rate of 15 beats per minute or more lasting 15 seconds or more in a 20-minute period. However, a reactive NST does not rule out the possibility of fetal hypoxia or acidosis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Partial abruptio placentae is not the correct answer, as it does not always require delivery by cesarean section. Partial abruptio placentae is a condition where the placenta partially separates from the uterine wall before the baby is born. This can cause bleeding, pain, and fetal distress. Depending on the severity of the condition, the gestational age, and the fetal status, the delivery may be vaginal or cesarean.

Choice B reason: Ectopic pregnancy is not the correct answer, as it does not require delivery by cesarean section. Ectopic pregnancy is a condition where the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube. This can cause bleeding, pain, and rupture of the tube. Ectopic pregnancy is not viable and needs to be removed surgically or treated with medication. It cannot result in a live birth².

Choice C reason: Eclampsia is not the correct answer, as it does not always require delivery by cesarean section. Eclampsia is a severe complication of preeclampsia, a condition where the pregnant woman develops high blood pressure and protein in the urine. Eclampsia can cause seizures, coma, and death for the mother and the baby. The only cure for eclampsia is delivery of the baby, which may be vaginal or cesarean depending on the maternal and fetal condition.

Choice D reason: Total placenta previa is the correct answer, as it always requires delivery by cesarean section. Total placenta previa is a condition where the placenta completely covers the cervix, the opening of the uterus. This can cause painless bleeding, preterm labor, and fetal distress. Vaginal delivery is impossible and dangerous, as it can cause severe bleeding and damage to the placenta and the baby. Cesarean section is the only safe way to deliver the baby.

A. intense abdominal pain. B. cramping. C. uterine activity. D. bleeding.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Intense abdominal pain is the most prevalent clinical manifestation of abruptio placentae, as it indicates the detachment of the placenta from the uterine wall and the bleeding into the uterine muscle. The pain can be localized or diffuse, and it can be constant or intermittent. The pain can also radiate to the back or the shoulder.

Choice B reason: Cramping is not the most prevalent clinical manifestation of abruptio placentae, as it is not specific to the condition. Cramping can occur in normal pregnancy or in other complications such as preterm labor, infection, or cervical insufficiency.

Choice C reason: Uterine activity is not the most prevalent clinical manifestation of abruptio placentae, as it is not specific to the condition. Uterine activity can occur in normal pregnancy or in other complications such as preterm labor, infection, or placenta previa.

Choice D reason: Bleeding is not the most prevalent clinical manifestation of abruptio placentae, as it may or may not be present. Bleeding can be concealed or revealed, depending on the location and extent of the placental separation. Concealed bleeding occurs when the blood is trapped behind the placenta and does not exit the vagina. Revealed bleeding occurs when the blood passes through the cervix and exits the vagina.

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Compared with contraction stress test (CST), nonstress test (NST) for antepartum fetal assessment:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What maternal condition always requires delivery by cesarean section?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The most prevalent clinical manifestation of abruptio placentae (as opposed to placenta previa) is:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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