Developing organs and body systems are highly susceptible to teratogens, which can cause major abnormalities. These teratogens usually fall into one of three categories: (Select all that apply.)

Hormonal imbalances

Chemicals

Environmental

Emotional stress

Infections

Physical trauma

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,E

A. Hormonal imbalances – Incorrect; while maternal hormones can impact fetal growth, they are not classified as teratogens.

B. Chemicals – Correct; drugs, alcohol, and toxins (e.g., thalidomide, lead, mercury) can cause birth defects.

C. Environmental – Correct; radiation and pollutants can affect fetal development.

D. Emotional stress – Incorrect; while stress affects pregnancy outcomes, it is not classified as a teratogen.

E. Infections – Correct; infections such as rubella, toxoplasmosis, and syphilis can cause severe congenital abnormalities.

F. Physical trauma – Incorrect; trauma can harm the fetus but is not a teratogen.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. 6 cm dilated and 80% effaced – Incorrect; this is more consistent with active labor, but the symptoms suggest transition phase.
B. 8 cm dilated and 100% effaced – Correct; the transition phase (8-10 cm dilation) is characterized by intense contractions, nausea, and the sensation of rectal pressure.
C. 5 cm dilated and 70% effaced – Incorrect; this is too early for the transition phase symptoms.
D. Unmeasurable – Incorrect; cervical dilation and effacement can always be measured during labor unless obstructed by fetal descent.

A. Avoid sitting for long periods of time during the flight to prevent swelling and discomfort. B. Wear compression stockings during the flight to prevent blood clots. C. Avoid using seat belts during the flight to prevent pressure on the abdomen. D. Take frequent walks and do leg exercises during the flight to promote circulation. E. Avoid using electronic devices during the flight to reduce radiation exposure. Take a high dose of vitamin C before the flight to boost the immune system.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. Avoid sitting for long periods of time during the flight to prevent swelling and discomfort. – Correct; prolonged sitting can increase the risk of swelling and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
B. Wear compression stockings during the flight to prevent blood clots. – Correct; compression stockings help improve circulation and reduce the risk of DVT.
C. Avoid using seat belts during the flight to prevent pressure on the abdomen. – Incorrect; seat belts should be worn low, across the hips, for safety.
D. Take frequent walks and do leg exercises during the flight to promote circulation. – Correct; movement reduces the risk of blood clots and swelling.
E. Avoid using electronic devices during the flight to reduce radiation exposure. Take a high dose of vitamin C before the flight to boost the immune system. – Incorrect; radiation exposure from electronic devices is negligible, and there is no evidence that high doses of vitamin C prevent illness during flights.

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Developing organs and body systems are highly susceptible to teratogens, which can cause major abnormalities. These teratogens usually fall into one of three categories: (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A laboring patient reports, anxiety, vomiting, and the need to have a bowel movement. What is the expected cervical examination finding?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is talking with a client who is at 21 weeks of gestation and is scheduled for an international flight. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is providing health promotion teaching to an adolescent. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

How is the frequency of uterine contractions measured?

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