Developing organs and body systems are highly susceptible to teratogens, which can cause major abnormalities. These teratogens usually fall into one of three categories: (Select all that apply.)

Hormonal imbalances

Chemicals

Environmental

Emotional stress

Infections

Physical trauma

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,E

A. Hormonal imbalances – Incorrect; while maternal hormones can impact fetal growth, they are not classified as teratogens.

B. Chemicals – Correct; drugs, alcohol, and toxins (e.g., thalidomide, lead, mercury) can cause birth defects.

C. Environmental – Correct; radiation and pollutants can affect fetal development.

D. Emotional stress – Incorrect; while stress affects pregnancy outcomes, it is not classified as a teratogen.

E. Infections – Correct; infections such as rubella, toxoplasmosis, and syphilis can cause severe congenital abnormalities.

F. Physical trauma – Incorrect; trauma can harm the fetus but is not a teratogen.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Encourage the client to nurse more frequently so her milk will come in. – Incorrect; milk production typically begins between days 2-5 postpartum, not 14 hours postpartum.

B. Report the client's temperature elevation. – Incorrect; a temperature of 37.7°C (100°F) is within normal postpartum range due to dehydration and hormonal shifts.

C. Increase IV fluids. – Incorrect; IV fluids are not needed unless dehydration is suspected.

D. Ask the client to empty her bladder. – Correct; a fundus deviated to the right suggests a full bladder, which can impede uterine involution and increase postpartum hemorrhage risk.

A. "Epidurals are best because they provide complete pain relief." B. "Most women need IV pain medications at some point during labor." C. "It is best to learn about the different types of pain relief available, as every woman experiences labor pain differently." D. "There is no one best way. However, natural childbirth is best for the baby."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Epidurals are best because they provide complete pain relief." – Incorrect; while epidurals provide significant pain relief, they may not be the best option for every client.
B. "Most women need IV pain medications at some point during labor." – Incorrect; pain management is individualized, and not all women require IV pain medication.
C. "It is best to learn about the different types of pain relief available, as every woman experiences labor pain differently." – Correct; pain relief options should be tailored to the individual's preferences and medical condition.
D. "There is no one best way. However, natural childbirth is best for the baby." – Incorrect; while natural childbirth is an option, it is not necessarily the best choice for everyone.

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Developing organs and body systems are highly susceptible to teratogens, which can cause major abnormalities. These teratogens usually fall into one of three categories: (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is 14 hr postpartum. The nurse notes: breasts soft; fundus firm, slightly deviated to the right; moderate lochia rubra; temperature 37.7° C (100° F), pulse rate 88./min, respiratory rate 18/min. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A woman asks the nurse during a prenatal office visit, "What pain relief method is best during labor?" What answer by the nurse best answers the question?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is discussing fetal oxygenation during labor of a client with the RN. As the client progresses through the first stage of labor, which of the following client physiologic adaptations should the nurse identify as promoting fetal oxygenation?

A pregnant client's first day of her last menstrual period was April 10th. Using Naegele's rule, what is the estimated date of delivery?

A primigravida at 24 weeks gestation is at a subsequent prenatal visit. Which finding below is a normal fundal height measurement?

A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is 4 hr postpartum. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform after finding that the client's uterus is not firm? (Select all that apply.)

In which stage and phase of labor is the client who is at 7 cm of cervical dilation and 100% effacement, with the fetus at 1 station and intact amniotic membranes, and reporting the urge to push?

The role of the practical nurse during labor includes all EXCEPT (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is collecting data from a client at their first prenatal appointment. The client reports that the first day of their last menstrual period was September 17. Which of the following accurately represents the client's estimated date of delivery using Naegele's Rule?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is pregnant about a biophysical profile (BPP). Which of the following key elements are included in a BPP and should be included in the teaching? (Select All that Apply.)